Programming Paradigms COPY Flashcards

1
Q

Object

A

Are the fundamental core of the Object Oriented paradigm , is an instance of a class. It has methods and properties

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2
Q

Use Case Diagrams

A

a means for specifying required usages of a system. Typically, they are used to capture the requirements of a system, that is, what a system is supposed to do.

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3
Q

Encapsulation

A

Restricting how an object’s data can be accessed

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4
Q

Method

A

any object that an object (based on a class) can perform

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5
Q

Contructors

A
class methods that are executed automatically when an object of a given type is created.
They usually initialise the instance variables of the new object.
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6
Q

Destructors

A

used to destruct instances of classes. They will also reclaim any unmanaged resources ( mainly memory) allocated

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7
Q

Class Libraries

A

A collection of classes.

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8
Q

Derived Classes

A

inherit the properties and methods of the base/superclass

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9
Q

Multiple Inheritance

A

derived classes can inherit from multiple classes.

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10
Q

Concurrent Programming

A

when processes are overlapping instead of sequentially

These could be distributed (not all process running on a single system)

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11
Q

Coordination

A

Threads needs to use various coordination methods to ensure that the task is completed successfully

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12
Q

Race Conditions

A

When different threads are independently altering the state of a value. Locks are a way to prevent this.

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13
Q

Deadlock

A

A situation in which 2 or more competing threads are waiting for the other to finished, and so neither does.

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14
Q

Resource Starvation

A

When one thread is perhaps using all available CPU time or RAM or some other resource

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15
Q

What is the difference between an object and a class

A

An object is an instance of a class, a class is a template that defines the methods and attributes.

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16
Q

What line of code would you need to initiate an object?

A

DECLARE firstobject INITIALLY classname(“attribute1”,”attribute2”…)

17
Q

What line of code would you need to initiate an array of objects?

A

DECLARE arrayname AS ARRAY OF objectname * numberinarray (integer)

18
Q

Instantiation

A

Creating an object from a class.

19
Q

Modularity

A

Being able to combine commands into a single block of self-contained code