Chapter 1 Scale of the Universe

Question 1

Astronomy

Answer 1

The scientific study of planets, stars, galaxies, and the universe as a whole.

Question 2

What is the address of earth?

Answer 2

Earth, Solar System, Milky Way Galaxy, Local Group, Virgo Supercluster, Laniakea Supercluster. (Group of virgins who group up katamari demacy style and land in a kia)

Question 3

Dark Matter

Answer 3

Along with dark energy makes up 95 percent of our universe but dues not interact with light.

Question 4

How many galaxies are in the observable universe?

Answer 4

100 billion

Question 5

Speed of light

Answer 5

300,000 kilometers per second (Imagine Leonidas flying around the earth like superman)

Question 6

Light year

Answer 6

Distance light travels in a year. About 9.5 trillion km. “Working 9-5”

Question 7

Local Group

Answer 7

The group of galaxies that include the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies

Question 8

Supercluster

Answer 8

A large group of galaxies 100-300 megaparsecs in size. Contains 10s-100s thousands of galaxies. “Bill gates counting from 1-3 then his head exploding in size while surrounded by 10 year old’s and 100 year old’s”

Question 9

Scientific Method

Answer 9

A systematic way of exploring the world on the basis of developing and then testing new ideas or explanations. (Imagine a construction worker building a building and then testing it by using a wrecking ball.)

Question 10

Hypothesis

Answer 10

A testable explanation of the observation which can be falsified. (Hippo observing lions drinking from its pond. Makes a observation that lions drink from its pond more during periods of drought)

Question 11

What are the steps in the scientific method?

Answer 11

1) Observation
2) Ask a question
3) Form a hypothesis
4) Make a prediction based on the hypothesis.
5) Test the prediction
6) Iterate; use the results to make new hypothesis and predictions.

(Hippo observing lions. Forms a ? above its head, Followed by an exclamation point, jots down notes in rainy and dry seasons, prediction is wrong so it changes its hypothesis)

Question 12

Theory

Answer 12

A well-developed idea or group of ideas that must agree with known physical laws and make testable predictions, and all those predictions must come true. (Burg Khalifa, Scientists on each floor a group of scientists surrounding a huge scientist with lightbulbs for heads agreeing with each other while singing when you wish upon a star)

Question 13

Scientific Law

Answer 13

A series of observations that enables making predictions but has no underlying explanation of why the phenomenon occurs. “Scientific axioms”

Question 14

Theoretical Models

Answer 14

Describes the properties of a particular object or system in terms of known physical laws or theories, which are used to connect the theoretical model to the behavior of a complex system. (Imagine using Kerbal space program to aid in building a rocket)

Question 15

Scientific Principles

Answer 15

General ideas or a sense of the universe that often guides the construction of new theories. (imagine a dog general guiding a class of elementary students as its principle through a construction zone using its sense of smell.)

Question 16

Cosmological Priciple

Answer 16

Testable assumption that the physical laws that apply here and now also apply everywhere and at all times. (Imagine Cosmo from fairy odd parents enforcing law of gravity throughout the universe at all times.)

Question 17

Occam’s razor

Answer 17

States what when facing two hypothesis that explain all observations equally well, we should favor the one that requires the fewest assumptions until we have evidence to the contrary. (Imagine cutting down an ancient aliens person in a priest robe and shaking the had of the scientist.)

Question 18

How do astronomers conduct scientific research?

Answer 18

Because astronomy is a observation or historical based science, Astronomers rely on observation or models in their research. (Imagine Stephen hawking surrounded by a group of models in an observatory)

Question 19

What are the origins of astronomy?

Answer 19

A science which studies star pasterns in the sky to determine planting and harvest times. Originally used to make prediction of human affairs. (Imagine a comet causing panic in Gainesville Ga.)

Question 20

Scientific notation

Answer 20

Sometimes called power of ten notation. Useful when representing very small and very large numbers alike in a concise manner. (Power of ten) (Imagine Japanese guy in a lab coat saying 100 as ten ten ten… while pointing to his subjects on his throne.

Question 21

Ratios

Answer 21

Useful way to compare objects. “ten times as massive as the sun” (Imagine 1 tutu doubling)

Question 22

Proportionality

Answer 22

Understanding a concept often amounts to getting a sense of the relationships that it predicts or describes. Basketball example from class. (imagine a honey I shrunk the kids moment of shrinking the earth down to the size of a ping pong ball.)

Question 23

Graph x and y axis

Answer 23

X-independent variable. Y dependent variable. (Imagine a group of men with in a living room waiting for dinner to be made)

Question 24

Astrobiology

Answer 24

An interdisciplinary science combining astronomy, biology, chemistry , geology, and physics to study life in the cosmos. “There is gap before Christ” (Imagine traveling back past before the time of jesus to study life on our planet and in the costmos)

Question 25

Big Bang

Answer 25

The event that occurred 13.8 billion years ago that marks the beginning of time and the universe. (Imagine 13 from House pointing away from a dinner table and then eating the food while you’re not looking”