Chapter 5.1

Question 1

Ole Romer

Answer 1

Studied the movements of the moons of Jupiter in the 1670s. Discovered irregularities in the moon’s orbital periods which depended on the position of earth in its orbit. Discovered that when the earth was closes to Jupiter, it was 17 minutes late by the time the earth was furthest away from Jupiter. Light must travel at a finite speed.

Question 2

James Clerk Maxwell

Answer 2

Introduces the concept that electricity and magnetism are two components of the same physical phenomenon. Summarized the behavior of electric fields and magnetic fields in four equations.

Question 3

How do electric and magnetic fields interact?

Answer 3

A change in the motion of a charged particle causes a changing electric field, which causes a changing magnetic field and so on.

Question 4

What is a good analogy for an electromagnetic field

Answer 4

A drop of water dropping in a still pond. Electric and magnetic waves are created due to the movement of charged particles.

Question 5

velocity of light-

Answer 5

frequency times wavelength

Question 6

Why is the frequency and wavelength of light always known?

Answer 6

Because the speed of light in a vacuum is constant.

Question 7

What is the range of visible light?

Answer 7

From violet (380nm to red 750 nm)

Question 8

Albert Einsten

Answer 8

In 1905 he explained the photoelectric affect in which subatomic particles called electrons are emitted when surfaces are illuminated by electromagnetic radiation greater than a certain frequency. Showed that the rate of electrons emitted depends only on the amount of incoming light and the speed of the electrons depends only on the frequency on incoming radiation.

Question 9

Wavelenth of light =

Answer 9

speed of light/ frequency

Question 10

Energy of light=

Answer 10

Planks constant times frequency of light.

Question 11

Wave

Answer 11

A disturbance moving along a surface or passing through space or a medium

Question 12

Vacuum

Answer 12

A region of space devoid of matter. In quantum mechanics a perfect vacuum has physical properties

Question 13

Energy

Answer 13

The conserved quantity that gives objects and systems the ability to do work

Question 14

Kinetic Energy

Answer 14

The energy of an object that resullts form its motions

Question 15

Thermal Energy

Answer 15

The energy that resides in the random motion of atoms, molecules, and particles, by which we measure their temperature.

Question 16

Electric Force

Answer 16

The force exerted on electrically charged particles such as protons and electrons, arising from their electrical charges.

Question 17

Magnetic Force

Answer 17

The force exerted on electrically charged particles such as protons and electrons, arising from their motion.

Question 18

Electric Field

Answer 18

A field that can exert as force on a charged object, whether at rest or moving.

Question 19

Magnetic Field

Answer 19

A field can exert a force on a moving electric charge.

Question 20

Electromagnetic Wave

Answer 20

A wave consisting of oscillations in the electric-field strength and the magnetic-field strength.

Question 21

Medium

Answer 21

The substance that a wave, such as light, travels through.

Question 22

Amplitude

Answer 22

The Maximum deviation from its undisturbed or relaxed position. Related to the brightness of light.

Question 23

Wavelength

Answer 23

The distance on a wave between two adjacent points having identical characteristics. Related to the energy of light. Units is meters. wavelength =speed/frequency

Question 24

Frequency

Answer 24

The number of times per second that a periodic process occurs Unit is hertz

Question 25

Hertz

Answer 25

A unit of frequency equivalent to cycles per second.

Question 26

Spectrum

Answer 26

Waves sorted by wavelength

Question 27

Nanometer

Answer 27

One billionth of a meter. Used for the wavelength of visible light.

Question 28

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Answer 28

The spectrum made up of all possible frequencies or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, ranging from gamma rays through radio waves

Question 29

Gamma Ray

Answer 29

Electromagnetic radiation with higher frequency, higher photon energy, and shorter wavelengths that all other types of electromagnetic radiation. Can pierce dense b one

Question 30

X-Ray

Answer 30

Can pierce the skin, organs, tissues, but not dense bone.

Question 31

Infrared Radiation

Answer 31

Wavelengths lower than red light. Used by predictors to detect pray. Think heat on the stove.

Question 32

Micron

Answer 32

One millionth of a meter. Used for infrared light.

Question 33

Microwave radiation

Answer 33

Used in microwaves. Between infrared and radiowaves.

Question 34

Radio wave

Answer 34

Longest region of the spectrum. Used for radios.

Question 35

Photon

Answer 35

Called quantum of light. A discrete unit or particle of electromagnetic radiation. Equal to planck’s constant h times frequency.

Question 36

Quantum Mechanics

Answer 36

The branch of physics that deals with the quarantined and probabilistic behavior of atoms ans subatomic particles.

Question 37

Ultraviolet Radiation

Answer 37

Electromagnetic Radiation having frequencies and photon energies greater than visible light but below x rays. Used by pollinators to detect flowing plants.

Question 38

Light as a Particle

Answer 38

Can travel long distances in a straight line. Proposed by newton

Question 39

Light as a wave.

Answer 39

Slit experiments by Thomas Young study the duality of light. Behaves light a particle in some respects but like a wave in others.