Urinary tract obstruction Flashcards
how does tamsulosin work
selective for alpha-1 adrenergic receptors
causes smooth muscle relaxation
how many doses does it typically take for tamsulosin to start to work
3
what percentage of men respond to tamsulosin
30-40%
what scoring system should you use to evaluate men with LUTS
International prostate symptom score (IPSS)
give some side effects of tamulosin
dizziness
postural hypotension
dry mouth
retrograde ejaculation
give some causes of unilateral hydronephrosis
- obstructing stone/clot
- ureteric/bladder TCC
- extrinsic mass (pregnancy, tumours)
- pelviureteric junction obstruction (PUJO)
what type of drug is finasteride
5a reductase inhibitor
how does finasteride work
inhibits conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, causing shrinkage of the prostate epithelium and prostate volume
what are some side effects of finasteride
loss of libido
impotence
reduced ejaculation volume
what is the gold standard procedure for BPH
TURP
what is the normal approximate volume of the bladder
300-400ml
what volume of urine in the bladder would constitute acute urinary retention
500-800ml
give some causes of urinary retention you would see in a male
BPH
urethral stricture
prostatic abscess
prostate cancer
give some causes of urinary retention seen in a female
pelvic prolapse
urethral stricture
urethral diverticulum
post surgery
how should you manage acute urinary retention
urethral catheterisation
U&Es
Alpha blocker
arrange TWOC after 1 week
