Stone disease Flashcards
what is the peak age of incidence of stone disease
20-50 years
give some risk factors for stone formation
hypercalcaemia (from hyperparathyroidism)
hyperoxaluria (bowel resection)
gout
genetics (cysteinuria)
what bloods should you do in stone disease
FBC U&E Ca phosphate urea
what type of scan should you do in stone disease
CT-KUB (no contrast)
what size of stone may pass spontaneously
<6mm
how should you manage stones conservatively whilst waiting for them to spontaneously pass
NSAIDs
alpha blocker
what is the average time for a small stone to pass spontaneously
week
what stone intevention is particualrly good in pregnant ladies
ureteroscopy
what type of stones should you use ESWL for
proximal stones <1cm (max 2cm)
what should you use PCNL for
calcyeal stone clearance and large stones (>3cm)
what emergency treatment can you give the compromised patient
ureteric stenting
who is at highest risk of bladder stones
patients with long term catheters
