Epistemische Überzeugungen Flashcards

1
Q

Was sind epistemische Überzeugungen?

A

Persönliche Annahmen von Individuen zu

  • Wissen
  • Erkenntnis
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2
Q

Metaphern für Theorien

A

Theorien als Werkzeuge

Theorien als Landkarten

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3
Q

Kriterien für Theorien

A

KEM
Konsistenz
Einfachheit
Mächtigkeit

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4
Q

Typische Misskonzepte über “Science”

A
  1. Science is a collection of facts
  2. Science is purely analytical and does not involve creativity
  3. “Hard Sciences” are more rigorous and scientific than “soft Sciences”
  4. Scientific ideas are absolute and unchanging
  5. Scientist’s observations directly tell them how things work (i.e. knowledge is “read” off nature, not built)
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5
Q

Nenne die Authoren der Haupt Modelle

A
Perry (1970)
Deanna Kuhn 
Hammer & Elby
Chan & Elliott
Hofer
Schommer
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6
Q

Nenne Perry’s Stufen

A

1) DUALISMUS
2) MULTIPLISMUS
3) KONTEXTUELLER RELATIVISMUS
4) BEKENNTNIS IM RELATIVISMUS

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7
Q

Deanna Kuhn

A

DENKEN ALS ARGUMENTIEREN Auf der individuellen und der sozialen Ebene relevant
z.B. Rückfälligkeit von Straftätern
Schulversagen

4 Stufen

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8
Q

Eindimensionale Modelle

A

Perry

Deanna Kuhn

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9
Q

Mehrdimensionale Modelle

A

Schommer
Hofer
Chan & Elliott

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10
Q

Schommer

A

Annahme von Mehrdimensionalität
Abkehr von linearer Entwicklung
Fragebogenmethode

1) Fixed ability
2) Quick Learning
3) Simple knowledge
4) Certain knowledge

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11
Q

Nenne eine Beispielsaussage für
1) Fixed Ability
(Schommer)

A

A self-help book won’t help

An expert is someone who has a gift in an area

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12
Q

Nenne eine Beispielsaussage für
2) Quick Learning
(Schommer)

A

Successful students learn things quickly
Learning is a slow process of building up knowledge
If you’re gonna learn it, you’re gonna learn it quickly

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13
Q

Nenne Eine Beispielssaussage für
3) Simple Knowledge
(Schommer)

A

Most words have one clear meaning

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14
Q

Nenne Beispielsaussagen für
4) certain knowledge
(Schommer)

A

The only thing that is certain is uncertainty itself

If scientists try hard enough they can find the truth to almost everything

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15
Q

Absolutist

A

Sicheres Wissen

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16
Q

Evaluatist

A

Unsicheres Wissen