Endocrinology

Question 1

What is Schmidt syndrome?

Answer 1

Autoimmune hypothyroidism + autoimmune hypocortisolism (Addisons) +/- type 1 diabetes

Question 2

Where does the anterior pituitary develop from?

Answer 2

Evagination of the epithelial ectoderm from the oropharynx this evagination is rathke’s pouch which is eventually separated from oropharynx by sphenoid bone -

Question 3

What is proopiomelanocortin and where is it predominantly synthesised?

Answer 3

Precursor of ACTH and alpha-MSH

Predominantly produced in anterior pituitary (but also found in hypothalamus)

Question 4

Which hormone released by the anterior pituitary is under inhibitory control by the hypothalamus?

Answer 4

Prolactin (main inhibitory factor is Dopamine).

Question 5

Where is IGF-1 released from?

Answer 5

Liver - IGF-1 carries out the majority of the effects of GH.

Question 6

What hormones control the release and synthesis of GH? What hormone inhibits GH release?

Answer 6

GHRH (from arcuate nucleus) - synthesis and release
Somatostatin (from periventricular nucleus) - inhibits release only

Ghrelin - stimulates release of GH.

Question 7

Which hormones release are inhibited by somatostatin?

Answer 7

GH

TRH