Heart Failure: ACE inhibitors

Question 1

what is unique about the spelling of all ACE inhibitors

Answer 1

end in “pril”

Question 2

Angiotensin II is a potent _______

Answer 2

Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor

Question 3

what 2 things are retained in aldosterone

Answer 3

salt and water

Question 4

describe how angiotensinogen is converted to angiotensin II

Answer 4

Angiotensinogen to angiotensin I via renin .

angiotenisin 1 is converted to angiotensin II via ACE inhibitors

Question 5

what is the function of an ace inhibitor

Answer 5

they block the conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin II .

Question 6

does sympathetic output decrease or increase with lower levels of angiotensin II

Answer 6

it decreases

Question 7

list 4 things that occur with decreased angiotensin II

Answer 7

1. Lower output from the sympathetic nervous system
2. increased vasodilation of vascular smooth muscle
3. decreased retention of sodium and water
4. increased levels of bradykinin

Question 8

what happens to preload and afterload with lower levels of angiotensin II

Answer 8

Preload and afterload decrease

Question 9

preload

Answer 9

blood coming back to heart

Question 10

afterload

Answer 10

blood from heart to periphery

Question 11

what is the drug of choice for heart failure

Answer 11

ACE inhibitor

Question 12

what are 3 good uses for ACE inhibitors

Answer 12

1. mild dyspena
2. HF
3. patients w/ hx of MI

Question 13

What are 2 pharmokinetic things to consider

Answer 13

1. food decreases absorption

2. prodrug that require activation by hydrolysis via hepatic enzymes

Question 14

list some adverse effects of ACE inhibitors

Answer 14

Postural hypotension
 Renal insufficiency
 Hyperkalemia
 Angioedema
 Persistent cough
 May be toxic to the fetus