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Mrcs > Head & Neck > Flashcards

Head & Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Trigeminal nerve and branches

A

V1 - frontal ( superior orbital and trochlear), lacrimal, nasocilliary ( ethmoid, ciliary, infratrochlear)

V2 - zygomatics (temporal and facial), infra orbital, greater and lesser palatine, superior labia

V3 - muscles mastication, mylohyoid (anterior diagstric) buccal, inf alveolar, temperoauricular, tensor tympani/palatine, lingual (sensation tongue)

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2
Q

Muscles of tongue and nerves

A

Genioglossus stick out
Stylpglossus restract
Hyioglossus down

= hypoglossal
Palatoglossus = pharyngeal plexus - up

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3
Q

Muscles supplied by ansa cervicalis

A

Omohyiod
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid

Geniohyoid and thyrohyoid = C1

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4
Q

Pharyngeal muscles and nerves

A

Pharyngeal plexus
Palatoglossus
Salpingpharyngeus
Palatopharyngeus

IX GLOSSPHARNGEAL = stylopharyngeus

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5
Q

Contents of cavernous sinus

A

Abducens and ECA

Lateral
III, IV, V1, V2

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6
Q

Horners

A

Ptosis and constricted pupil

III- dilated pupil

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7
Q

Parasympathetic cranial nerves

A

III, VII, X, IX

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8
Q

ECA BRANCHES

A 
Ascending pharngeal 
Superior thyroid 
Occipital 
Facial
Lingual
Maxiallary 
Posterior auricular 
Superior temporal
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9
Q

ICA BRANCHES

A 
Middle/anterior cerebral
Opthalmic 
Meningeal
Anterior choroid 
Posterior communicating 
Hypophyseal
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10
Q

Submandibular gland nerves

A

Lingual
Marginal mandibular
Mylohyoid
Hypoglossal

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11
Q

Pharyngeal pouch

A

Cricopharngeal

Thyropharygneus

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12
Q

Beahrs triangle

A

Inferior thyroid artery

CCA

Trachea

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13
Q

Reidals thyroiditis

A

Inflammatory, multi system

Woody nodule

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14
Q

Subclavian branches

A 
Thyrocervial - inferior thyroid 
Long thoracic - superior epigastric 
Vetebral - basilar - labyrinth 
Dorsal scapular 
Costocervial
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15
Q

Ear lymph drainage

A

Upper lateral half = superficial parotid
Cranial superior half = mastitis and deep cervical
Lower/lobule= superficial cervical

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16
Q

Nerves at risk from endarterectomy

A 
Hypoglossal 
Superior ansa 
Greater auricular 
Superior laryngeal
Greater auricle 
Lingual
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17
Q

Lacrimal gland

A

Lacrimal branch of opthalmic
Innervated by parasympathetic fibres of pterygopalatine travel on zygomatic or lacrimal nerves.
Preganglionic travel in greater petrosal nerve

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18
Q

Lacunar infarct

A

Perforating arteries

Hemiparesis or hemisesory or limb ataxia

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19
Q

Medullary/wallenbergs infarct

A

Ipsilateral - cranial nerve, ataxia

Contralateral - sensory

20
Q

Weber’s syndrome

A

Cranial 3

Contralateral weakness

21
Q

Anterior circulation

A

MCA OR ACA

Hemiparesis
Higher function
Hononymous heminopia

22
Q

Lateral geniculate nucleus

A

Vision

23
Q

Trotters triad

A

Nasopharyngeal cancer
Unilateral conductive hearing loss
Ipsilateral facial/ear pain
Ipsilateral paralysis of soft palate

24
Q

Otic ganglion

A

Passes through ovale foramen. Associated with glossopharngeal for parotid innervation

25
Q

Ciliary ganglion

A

III lens and pupil

Also know s as Edinger-westpal nucleus

26
Q

Sphenopalatine ganglion

A

VII

27
Q

Pelvic ganglion

A

X

28
Q

Greater and lesser petrosal nerves

A

Greater = VII superior salivatory nucleus

Lesser IX inferior

29
Q

Facial UMN vs LMN palsy’s

A

UMN forehead sparing (cortical bulbar)

LMN (pons) - acoustic neuroma, trauma, parotidectomy.

30
Q

Anterior vs posterior pituitary

A

Anterior - ratkeys pouch - ectoderm. Hypophyseal portal system
Posterior neural tube - axons from hypothalamus

31
Q

Unpaired sinus

A

Sagital
Confluent
Straight

32
Q

Ear innervation

A

Auricular X - Tragus
Auriculotemperal V3- superior 1/3
Lesser occipital c2- middle
Greater auricular c2- lower

33
Q

Littles area

A

Labial
Ethmoid
Greater palatine
Shenopalatine

34
Q

Brocas and wernickes

A

Broca- expressive aphasia

Wernickes receptive aphasia

35
Q

Submandibular

A

Lingaual nerve
Marginal mandibular
Mylohyoid nerve
Hypoglossal nerve

Mylohyoid separates

36
Q

Phrenic and vagus

A

Phrenic lateral to vagus
Phrenic anterior to anterior scalene posterior to vein. Enters middle mediastinum
Vagus posterior mediastinum

37
Q

Superior and middle thyroid vein

A

drains to IJV

Inferior to brachiocephalic

38
Q

Laryngeal cancer

A

Offer above glottis

T1/2- transoral lazer/ robotic/ radiotherapy

> t2 - partial/total laryngectomy

39
Q

Neuroblastoma

A

Neural crest tumour
Raccoon eyes, blueberry muffin rash

Urinary VMA

40
Q

Fna

A

Cytology only

41
Q

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

A

Common modular sclerosis
Lymphocyte dominant = best prognosis
Mixed often extra nodal

Ann Arbor criteria

42
Q

Acoustic neuroma

A

Benign
Internal meatus
Cerebellopontine angle

43
Q

Berry aneurysms

A

Anterior communicating

44
Q

Location IJV

A

Between sternal and clavicle head of scm for insertingncentral line

45
Q

Superior thyroid

A

4th pouch

Mrcs (11 decks)

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