Session 2- Behaviour, contingencies, reinforcement

Question 1

Everything an organism does is _____________.

Answer 1

behaviour.

Examples: Hitting, talking, screaming, clapping, dancing, etc.

Question 2

Observable, measurable, and involves movement/ actions are all features of _______.

Answer 2

Behaviour.

Question 3

A dependency between events that naturally happens (i.e. you eat because you are hungry) or is learned from an experience (i.e. touching a hot stove burns you) is called a_____________.

Answer 3

A contingency.

Question 4

Reinforcement increases the future likelihood of behaviour, whereas ______ usually only increases the likelihood of behaviour in the moment.

Reinforcement involves engaging in a desired behaviour first before receiving “reward”, whereas the “reward” is received before needing to complete the desired behaviour when using ____________.

Answer 4

Bribery

Question 5

What does ABC stand for?

Answer 5

Antecedent, Behaviour, Consequence

Question 6

New behaviours, behaviours that are dangerous or concerning, challenging behaviours that are not currently on the Behaviour support plan, and challenging behaviours that we don’t have a lot of information on and don’t know the function of, are all instances when we should collect________________.

Answer 6

ABC Data

Question 7

What happens immediately BEFORE a behaviour occurs is called the __________.

Answer 7

Antecedent

Common examples: demand placed; access denied; told “no”; item/activity withheld; removed; or denied; period of time without adequate attention; loud noises; etc.

Question 8

A specific description of what the learned does/did is called the _____________.

Answer 8

Behaviour

Common examples: Hitting, kicking, punching (all “aggression” but be more specific); name calling, swearing, yelling (all “verbal aggression” but be specific); saying “no”, pushing work away, walking away from the work table (all “refusing to comply with demands” but be specific).

Question 9

What happens immediately after the behaviour occurs is called the ______________.

Answer 9

Consequence

Common examples: told to “stop”, given access to item requested, demand removed, asked “what’s wrong?”, removed from the room, etc.

Question 10

When recording ABC data…

1. State the _________.
2. Be _________.
3. Think about ______ questions.
4. Consider ______.

Answer 10

1. Facts (not your opinion or interpretation)
2. Specific (label each behaviour separately rather than using umbrella terms)
3. “Wh” questions (Who was present?, Where did it take place?, When did it take place (time of day, etc.)?, What was going on?)
4. Setting events (things that have happened before the specific event being recorded-being sick, being late for school, having repeated denials, etc.)

Question 11

Reinforcement __________ the future likelihood of behaviour. This can be positive (giving praise or a reward) or negative (taking away work or escaping a noisy classroom).

Answer 11

increases