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Gastrointestinal > Treatments > Flashcards

Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

Oral Carcinoma

A

Surgery

Adjuvant therapy

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2
Q

Oesophagitis

A

Antacids
PPIs (omeprazole)
H2 blockers (ranitidine)
Surgery to tighten lower oesophagus

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3
Q

Barretts Oesophagus

A

Surveillance
PPI (omeprazole)
H2 blockers (ranitidine)

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4
Q

Allergic Oesophagitis

A

Dietary elimination
Steroids
Chromoglycate - mast cell stabiliser
Montelukast - (leukotriene receptor antagonist)

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5
Q

Oesophageal Tumour

A

Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiotherapy
Nasogastric Tube/ PEG tube

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6
Q

Gastritis

A

Anatacids
Avoid hot and spicy food
H. pylori elimination
– Omeprazole+ Amoxicillin+ Clarithromycin

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7
Q

Bowel Obstruction

A 
ACUTE
IV fluids and oxygen 
Thrombolytics 
Heparin 
Surgery- angioplasty, bowel resection 
CHRONIC 
Nitrate therapy and anticoagulation - temporary relief 
Trans aortic endarterectomy 
Bypass 
Stenting
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8
Q

Small Bowel Ischaemia

A 
ACUTE
IV fluids and oxygen 
Thrombolytics 
Heparin 
Surgery - Angioplasty, Bowel resection 
CHRONIC 
Nitrate therapy and anticoagulation for temporary relief 
Trans aortic endarterectomy 
Bypass
Stenting
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9
Q

Meckels Diverticulum

A

If symptomatic

- surgery to remove diverticulum

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10
Q

Tumours of small bowel

A

Surgery
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy

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11
Q

Appendicitis

A

Appendectomy

open or laparoscopic

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12
Q

Coeliac Disease

A

Life long gluten free diet

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13
Q

Crohn’s Disease

A

Corticosteroids (prednisolone)
Immunosuppresants (azathioprine/ methotrexate) Anti- TNF (infliximab) = Long term Crohn’s management
Surgery

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14
Q

Ulcerative Colitis

A 
Dietary Elimination 
5-ASA (mesalazine) 
Steroids 
Chromoglycate (mast cell stabiliser) 
Montelukast (leukotriene receptor antagonist)
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15
Q

Alcoholic Liver Disease

A

Alcohol Abstinence
Nutritional Therapy
Steroids
Liver transplant

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16
Q

NAFLD

A

Weight loss - exercise
Smoking cessation
Medication to treat hypertension and hyperlipidaemia
Reduce alcohol consumption

17
Q

Hepatitis A

A

Rest

Antiemetic

18
Q

Hepatitis B

A

Antiemetics

Chronic - antivirals to prevent liver damage
– tenofovir

19
Q

Hepatitis C

A

Peginterferon

20
Q

Autoimmune Hepatitis

A

Corticosteroid (low to high)

Immunosupressant (azathioprine)

21
Q

Haemochromatosis

A

Venesection

22
Q

Wilsons Disease

A

Penicillamine removes excess copper

23
Q

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency

A

Plasma pooling from blood donors containing normal A1AT

24
Q

Hepatocellular Carcinoma

A

Surgical resection
Liver transplant
Radiofrequency ablation

25
Q

Cholelithiasis

A

ERCP can remove stones

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy or open if morbidly obese

26
Q

Cholangiocarcinoma

A

Surgery
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy

27
Q

Acute pancreatitis

A 
MILD;
nasogastric tube for feeding 
O2 therapy 
IV fluid 
Opiate painkillers 
Cholecystectomy is gallstones are the cause

SEVERE
Fluid resus
Ventilation
Removal of necrotic tissue

28
Q

Chronic Pancreatitis

A 
Avoid alcohol and smoking 
Improve diet
Enzyme supplement 
Pain relief
Pancreas resection
29
Q

Pancreatic Cancer

A

WHIPPLE PROCEDURE
Remove head of pancreas and duodenum, gall bladder and bile duct. Remaining part of pancreas is connected to small intestine

DISTAL PANCREATECTOMY
Removes tail and body of pancreas

TOTAL PANCREATECTOMY
Removes entire pancreas

30
Q

Diverticular disease

A 
Painkillers
High fibre diet 
Laxatives 
Antibiotics for diverticulitis 
Colectomy 
Stoma Surgery (HARTMANNS Procedure)
31
Q

Large Bowel Ischaemia

A

Supportive

32
Q

Polyps of Colon and Rectum

A

Snaring of polyp

Hot biopsy during colonoscopy

33
Q

Colorectal Cancer

A

Surgery

    • left- hemi colectomy removes descending colon
    • transverse colectomy removes transverse colon
    • right semi colectomy
    • sigmoid colectomy

Stoma surgery
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy

34
Q

Diverticulitis

A

IV fluids
Bowel Rest
IV antibiotics

Gastrointestinal (5 decks)

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