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Foundational Concept 8 > 8C: Social Interactions > Flashcards

8C: Social Interactions Flashcards

1
Q

Status

A

Socially defined position within society that is used to classify a person

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2
Q

Master Status

A

The status that overshadows all others (Roger Federer is a “tennis player”)

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3
Q

Explain Difference between Ascribed and Achieved Status

A

Ascribed: Given at birth or involuntarily assumed later in life, not chosen or earned (race, gender, ethnicity)
Achieved: Gained or earned through one’s efforts (Oscar-winning actor)

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4
Q

Role

A

Collection of behaviors, values, norms, attitudes, and beliefs that are expected of a person holding a particular status

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5
Q

Role Partner

A

Person with whom someone interacts in their role (teacher with students, parents, other faculty)

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6
Q

Role Performance

A

How well a person carries out their particular role

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7
Q

Role Conflict

A

Difficulty of performing two DIFFERENT roles at once (dad and baseball coach)

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8
Q

Role Strain

A

Difficulty of fulfilling multiple expectations within the same role

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9
Q

Role Exit

A

Taking up another status by dropping a role

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10
Q

Groups

A

Two or more people who identify and interact with each other

Share values, interest, family, social placement

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11
Q

Reference Group

A

Social group in which individuals can evaluate themselves

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12
Q

Primary Group

A

Direct interaction between members with close and intimate relationships

Families, close groups of friends, teams

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13
Q

Secondary Group

A

Superficial Interaction between members, don’t last very long

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14
Q

Group Conformity

A

The power a group holds over its members

Individuals willing to comply in order to fit in

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15
Q

Network

A

Observable, chartable pattern of relationships between individuals and groups

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16
Q

Social Network

A

Complicated, intricate web of social connections between people, with both direct and indirect relationships

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17
Q

Organizations

A

Entities that come together with specific culture and structure, set on achieving specific goals

Typically large, more impersonal than groups, and can still function when individuals leave

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18
Q

Coercive vs Normative vs Utilitarian Organizations

A

Coercive: Members have no choice in joining (prison)
Normative: Members join for some common, moral goal (volunteers)
Utilitarian: Members are paid for efforts (businesses)

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19
Q

Bureaucracy

A

Rational system of administration, control, and discipline

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20
Q

Weber’s 6 Characteristics of Bureaucracy

A
  1. Formal hierarchal structure
  2. Managed via set of defined, specific rules and regulations
  3. Organized by functional specificity, different workers to different tasks
  4. Unified mission that is either “up-focused” to serve shareholders, or “in-focused” to serve itself through max profit
  5. Purposefully impersonal
  6. Employment is based on tech qualifications, either degree or training
21
Q

Iron Law of Oligarchy

A

Posits that the majority of bureaucratic and democratic organizations eventually and naturally shift to being ruled by oligarchs, a group of elites

22
Q

Basic Model of Emotional Expression

A

Various forms of expression are consistent with theory of evolution (Darwin), and that they are the same across cultures

23
Q

Social Construction Model

A

No biological basis for expression, holds that emotions are based on experiences and social contexts

24
Q

Display Rules

A

Cultural expectations for how emotions should be expressed

25
Q

Cultural Syndrome

A

Set of attitudes, behaviors, beliefs that are organized around some central theme and is shared near-unanimously among members of the same culture

26
Q

Role of Gender in Expressing Emotino

A

Women more likely to actually display empathy, because they are better at reading emotional cues

Also, women are more able to show emotion, more socially acceptable

27
Q

Self-Presentation

A

Act of displaying ourselves to to others and to society through means of socially acceptable behaviors

28
Q

Impression Management

A

How we attempt to shape and influence the way other people perceive us

29
Q

Three selves of impression management

A

Authentic Self
Ideal Self
Tactical Self

30
Q

Strategies for Impression Management

A

Assertive: Bragging, talking oneself up, wearing flashy clothes
Defensive: Meant to protect one’s impression in the event of failure (claiming to have not studied prior to test)

31
Q

Dramaturgical Perspective

A

Front Stage: Person performs for the audience, according to understood social cues
Back Stage: When actor is not performing, can be themself

32
Q

Social Behaviors

A

Interactions between same species

Includes attraction, aggression, attachment, and social support

33
Q

Attraction

A

Having positive feelings about another

Influenced by proximity, mere exposure effect, appearance, self-disclosure effect, and reciprocal linking

34
Q

Aggression

A

Hostile, assertive, and attacking behavior- can be physical or verbal or emotional

Evolutionary Standpoint and Amygdala

35
Q

Cognitive Association Model

A

We are more likely to respond aggressively when we are experiencing negative emotions or physiological feelings

36
Q

Frustration Aggression Model

A

We are more likely to behave aggressively when we are blocked from reaching a goal

37
Q

Attachment

A

Emotional connection established between caregiver and child from birth

38
Q

Secure Attachment

A

Constant caregiver, able to explore and learn about the world

39
Q

Ambivalent Attachment

A

Caregiver is inconsistent, child becomes distressed when separated from caregiver but calms down when they return

40
Q

Avoidant Attachment

A

Caregiver provides little to no response, no safe base

Child shows no preference for caregiver over total stranger, no elation upon return or sadness when gone

41
Q

Disorganized Attachment

A

Child’s caregiver behaves erratically and is typified by a disorganized pattern of behavior in response to caregiver’s absence and presence

42
Q

Social Support

A

PERCEPTION that one is cared for and supported by social network

Low social support = higher mortality rates from many diseases

43
Q

Foraging Behavior

A

Animal’s search for and use of food resources

44
Q

Mating Behavior

A

Polygyny: Male with lots of females
Polyandry: Female with lots of males

45
Q

Inclusive Fitness

A

Number of offspring an animal has, how well it supports those offspring, and how well its offspring support other organisms in a group

46
Q

Game Theory

A

Payoff is typically sexual fitness

Rewards associated with decisions or actions

47
Q

Altruistic Behaviors

A

Behaviors helping other members of the group survive and thrive, often at the cost to the individual performing the action

48
Q

Discrimination

A

Active form of prejudice

Foundational Concept 8 (3 decks)

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