8I Fluids

Question 1

describe the strength of forces in the 3 states of matter

Answer 1

solid = strong
liquid = fairly strong
gas = weak

Question 2

describe the spacing of particles in the 3 states of matter

Answer 2

solid = close
liquid = close
gas = far apart

Question 3

describe the movement of particles in the 3 states of matter

Answer 3

solid = vibrate in fixed positions
liquid = moves around within the liquid
gas = moves about fast in all directions

Question 4

describe solids (shape, volume, flow, and about its compression)

Answer 4

keeps their shape and volume they cannot flow and difficult to compressed but could into smaller volume

Question 5

describe liquid (shape, volume, flow, and about its compression)

Answer 5

keeps their volume but not shape they could flow and are difficult to compress

Question 6

describe gas (shape, volume, flow, and about its compression)

Answer 6

does not have a fixed shape or volume could flow and easy to compress

Question 7

why is it difficult to compress solids and liquids

Answer 7

Solids and liquids are hard to compress because their particles are tightly packed together.

Question 8

why is gas easy to compress

Answer 8

because its particles are far apart and move freely, allowing them to be squeezed closer together easily.

Question 9

define diffusion

Answer 9

Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, until they are evenly spread out. It happens naturally in gases, liquids, and solids.

Question 10

define Brownian motion

Answer 10

tiny bits of dust in the air or water can be seen jiggling around as they are hit by the moving air or water particles

Question 11

define density

Answer 11

Density is the mass of an object per unit volume It tells you how much matter is packed into a given space

Question 12

how heating and cooling effects materials

Answer 12

Heating makes materials expand because they move or vibrate more and take up more space and cooling makes them contract and move less

Question 13

define volume

Answer 13

Volume is the amount of space inside an object or substance.

Question 14

define mass

Answer 14

Mass is the amount of matter in an object, typically measured in kilograms or grams.

Question 15

how does the density triangle work out mass density and volume (appearance)

Answer 15

The triangle has M (mass) on top and Belows a line then beneath that D (density) on the bottom left and V (volume) on the bottom right to use it you cover the term, and it will show the workings

Question 16

what is the formulae for density

Answer 16

Density = Mass ÷ Volume

Question 17

what is the formulae for mass

Answer 17

Mass = Density × Volume

Question 18

what is the formulae for volume

Answer 18

Volume = Mass ÷ Density

Question 19

how to choose units for density

Answer 19

choose units based on the size and mass of the object

Question 20

how to work out the density of a regular shape

Answer 20

work out the mass with scale and volume with W x L x H and do mass divided by volume

Question 21

how to work out the density of an irregular shape

Answer 21

use water displacement method for volume and use a scale for mas and do mass divide volume

Question 22

what is gas to liquid called

Answer 22

condensation

Question 22

what is solid to gas called

Answer 22

sublimation

Question 22

what is solid to liquid called

Answer 22

melting

Question 22

what is liquid to gas called

Answer 22

boiling

Question 23

name 3 ways you could increase pressure

Answer 23

. compressing . increase temperature . increase particles

Question 23

what will a line graph of particles changing state look like

Answer 23

1st the temp rises or drops, then a period of a steady line this's because energy's used to break or form bonds instead of temp finally the line rises or drops again after state changed

Question 23

what is liquid to solid called

Answer 23

freezing

Question 23

what is gas to solid called

Answer 23

deposition

Question 23

what is pressure and what causes them

Answer 23

Pressure is the force exerted per unit area on a surface. It is caused by the collisions of particles against a surface.

Question 23

how does temperature affect pressure

Answer 23

As temperature increases, pressure does too because the particles move faster and collide more often, creating more force. and so when temperature decrease pressure does too

Question 23

how does depth or height affect pressure

Answer 23

Pressure increases with depth and decreases with height. More depth means more pressure, and higher altitude means less pressure.

Question 24

what causes you to float in water

Answer 24

You float in water because the upthrust is equal to or greater than your weight.

Question 24

what factors effect upthrust

Answer 24

weight of object density of fluids volume of object

Question 24

define upthrust

Answer 24

Upthrust is the upward force from a liquid or gas that pushes against an object's weight

Question 25

how do you measure upthrust of water

Answer 25

To measure upthrust, of water weigh the object in air, then weigh it when it's fully submerged in water. The two minus is the upthrust.

Question 26

how do you know if something would float

Answer 26

find the density of the fluid and object if the fluids density is greater than the objects it will float

Question 27

3 factors that increase drag

Answer 27

higher speed larger surface area rough surface

Question 28

factors that decrease drag

Answer 28

smooth surface low speed streamline shape

Question 29

what causes drag

Answer 29

Drag is caused by friction between an object and the air or water particles

Question 30

how speed affect drag

Answer 30

As speed increases, drag does too. This is because the moving objects push more air or fluid particles aside, creating more friction and resistance.

Question 31

which of the states of matters could be comppresed

Answer 31

gas

Question 32

what's a chemical change

Answer 32

a change witch forms one or more new substances

Question 33

what's a physical change

Answer 33

a change witch no new substances are formed

Question 34

how does the water displacement can method of measuring volume work

Answer 34

You place an object into a full can of water. The water that spills out is collected and measured. The volume of the spilled water is equal to the volume of the object.

Question 35

how temperature affect volume

Answer 35

When temperature increases, particles move faster and spread out, so volume increases. Gases and liquids expand more than solids.

Question 36

how does water behave different from other liquids and solid near its freezing point

Answer 36

Most substances shrink when they freeze, but water expands. This makes ice less dense than liquid water, so ice floats.