9 - Transport in Animals

Question 1

Circulatory System

Answer 1

a system of blood vessels with a pump and valves to ensure one way flow of blood

Question 2

Why is ours called a double circulatory system?

Answer 2

Blood passes through heart 2x in a heartbeat

Question 3

Single circulation exists in

Answer 3

Fish - blood flows through heart 1x

Question 4

Double circulation comprises ___ circuits

Answer 4

2

Question 5

Advantages of double circulation

Answer 5

Higher blood pressure - faster transport of material, reaches further out in the body

Question 6

Right atrium

Answer 6

Sends blood to RV via AV valves

Question 7

Right ventricle

Answer 7

Contracts, pumps blood through PA via SL valves

Question 8

Left ventricle

Answer 8

Contracts, pumps blood to aorta via SL valves

Question 9

Left atrium

Answer 9

Sends blood to LV via AV valves

Question 10

AV Valves

Answer 10

Atrioventricular valves stop backflow of blood from the atrium to the ventricle

Question 11

SL valves

Answer 11

Semilunar valves stop the backflow of blood from the RV -> PA and the LV -> Aorta

Question 12

Pulmonary Artery

Answer 12

Takes blood from RV -> Lungs (left and right)

Question 13

Aorta

Answer 13

Takes blood from LV -> The rest of the body

Question 14

Pulmonary Veins

Answer 14

Take blood from lungs -> left A

Question 15

Superior and inferior vena cava

Answer 15

Take blood from body -> right A

Question 16

Septum

Answer 16

Separates oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

Question 17

Methods of monitoring heartbeat

Answer 17

Taking an ECG, measuring pulse, listening to heart

Question 18

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is caused by

Answer 18

Blockage of coronary arteries

Question 19

Increase risk of CHD by

Answer 19

getting old, having a family with it, being a certain gender, having a bad diet, and smoking

Question 20

Prevent CHD by

Answer 20

Eating healthy and exercising

Question 21

The thickness of the walls of the chambers depend on

Answer 21

The distance they have to pump blood

Question 22

Each heartbeat involves..

Answer 22

Cyclic relaxation and contraction of the walls of the atria and ventricles

Question 23

Artery

Answer 23

Blood away from heart, high pressure, strong and elastic, thick walls, smol lumen

Question 24

Vein

Answer 24

Blood toward heart, thin walls, big lumen, low pressure, valves to stop backflow of blood

Question 25

Capillary

Answer 25

Small, substance exchange without cells, take away waste products, 1 cell thick, low pressure

Question 26

Renal artery and vein

Answer 26

To and from the kidneys

Question 27

Hepatic vein and hepatic portal vein

Answer 27

Liver

Question 28

Angina

Answer 28

Chest anger when less blood flow due to atherosclerosis

Question 29

Atherosclerosis

Answer 29

Buildup of fat, cholesterol, and other gunk on the artery walls

Question 30

Atheroma

Answer 30

The plaque that builds up in the coronary artery

Question 31

Thrombosis

Answer 31

Blood clots stick to artery walls roughened by plaque and block veins and arteries

Question 32

How do blockages cause problems in coronary arteries?

Answer 32

Blockage -> less oxygen and glucose to heart -> no respiration -> no energy -> no pumping -> no blood to body