9.1 Overview + 9.2 Visual Illusions + 9.3 Agnosia

Question 1

Visual Illusions:

Answer 1

Misinterpretation of real sensory information

Question 2

Muller-Lyer Illusion:

Answer 2

visual illusion in which two lines of equal length, each of which has opposite shaped ends, is incorrectly perceived as being longer than the other.

Question 3

Ames Room Illusion:

Answer 3

-> Involves people appearing smaller/taller depending on where they stand in a room

-> Trapezium shaped room that is longer/higher on one side than the other

-> Room appears to be perfectly rectangular when viewed through a peephole with one eye

> Back wall is actually slanted, one corner further

-> One person looks bigger because they are actually closer to the observer

Question 4

Perceptual Distortion:

Answer 4

An inconsistency between a perceptual experience and physical reality.

Question 5

Agnosia

Answer 5

Loss or impairment of the ability to recognise and identify sensory stimuli despite normally functioning senses.

Question 6

Visual Agnosia

Answer 6

Impairment of the ability to recognize visual stimuli using only sight

Question 7

Apperceptive Agnosia:

Answer 7

Inability to accurately perceive visually presented stimuli. What is seen cannot be recognized.

Question 8

Associative Visual Agnosia:

Answer 8

Inability to associate visual stimulus with stored information about objects in memory

Question 9

Prosopagnosia:

Answer 9

inability to recognise a familiar face, but can use other visible characteristics to recognize other people

Question 10

Simultanagnosia

Answer 10

Inability to recognise more than one object at a time in a scene with 2+ objects

Question 11

Topographical Agnosia

Answer 11

Inability to find one’s way around familiar environments

Question 12

Colour Agnosia:

Answer 12

Inability to identify and distinguish between different colours, despite having normal colour vision

Question 13

Agnosic Alexia:

Answer 13

Inability to recognise/comprehend written/printed words

Question 14

Cause of agnosia

Answer 14

Caused by brain damage (neurological disorder)
-> Due to stroke, TBI, brain tumour, exposure to environmental toxin, development disorder, dementia

Question 15

Cause of visual agnosia

Answer 15

damage to pathway between primary visual cortex in the occipital lobe to temporal lobe, called ventral stream, which is involved with object identification and recognition

Question 16

Treatment Agnosia

Answer 16

No direct cure for agnosia: underlying cause of it is treated instead. For example, tumour is removed
-> Rehabilitation