Chapter 12 - Substance Abuse And Poison

Question 0

What are the four ways a drug enters and moves throught the body (absorption)?

Answer 0

Ingestion
Inhalation
Transdermal
Injection

Question 1

What is a poison?

Answer 1

Any substance that is injurious to health and dangerous to life

Question 2

What are the four physiologic actions in which substances enter, affect and exit the body?

Answer 2

Absorption
Bodily Distribution
Metabolism
Elimination

Question 3

What is metabolism?

Answer 3

The process by which the body breaks down a substance.

Question 4

What is a poison?

Answer 4

Any substance that is injurous to health or dangerous to life.

Question 5

What is a toxin?

Answer 5

A noxious or poisonus substance produced by an organism.

Question 6

What does the mnemonic SLUDGE and DUMBELS identify and what do the letters represent?

Answer 6

S/S of organophosphate poisoning
S - salivation
L - lacrimation
U - urination
D - defication
E - eye constriction

D - Defecation
U - urination
M - Miosis (pupil constrictio)
B - Bronchorrhea
E - Emesis
L - Lacrimation
S - Salivation

Question 7

After verifying scene safety, PPE, permission, and ABCDs what are the steps to manage a patient with a toxicological event?

Answer 7

1. Reduce further exposure
2. Reduce absorption
3. Rapid transport to definitive-care facility

Question 8

What criteria must be met in order to administer activated charcoal?

Answer 8

1. Authorization by your medical advisor or local/state EMS authority
2. Given direction to administer by poison control of other approved medical direction.
3. The person is awake, responsive, not nauseous and has not taken any think that might depress the mental status..

Question 9

When is Charcoal NOT indicated?

Answer 9

With any patient with a decreased level of responsiveness.

Question 10

For what kind of substances is charcoal contraindicated?

Answer 10

Caustics

Question 11

What is the phone number for the National Capital Poison Control Center?

Answer 11

1-800-222-1222

Question 12

Who do you call for an incident involving the transport of a toxic chemical?

Answer 12

CHEMTREC

Question 13

What is the world’s most commonly abused drug?

Answer 13

Alcohol

Question 14

What percent of all toxin exposures occur as the resulto of ingestion of toxic plants?

Answer 14

5%

Question 15

What common product contains Ethylevne glycol?

Answer 15

Antifreeze

Question 16

What substances is charcoal indicated for?

Answer 16

Alcohols
Arsenic
Cyanide
Iron
Lithium