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Kinesiology PTA 125 > Ch 9- shoulder girdle > Flashcards

Ch 9- shoulder girdle Flashcards

1
Q

allows hand to be placed in various positions to accomplish the multitude of tasks the hand is capable of performing

A

purpose of shoulder and upper extremity

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2
Q

most mobile joint in the body and capable of great deal of motion

A

shoulder (glenohumeral) joint

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3
Q

humerus and scapula

A

shoulder (glenohumeral) joint

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4
Q

consists of scapula, clavicle, sternum, humerus, ribcage, sternoclavicular joint, acromioclavicular joint, glenohumeral joint, and “scapulothoracic articulation”

A

shoulder complex

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5
Q

scapula, clavicle, and sternum (sometimes ribcage)

A

shoulder girdle

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6
Q

5 muscles attach; shoulder movements consist of: elevation and depression, protraction and retraction, upward and downward rotation

A

shoulder girdle

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7
Q

consists of scapula and humerus

A

shoulder “glenohumeral” joint

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8
Q

9 muscles attach; motions: flexion, extension, hyperextension, abduction, adduction, medial and lateral rotation, horizontal adduction and abduction

A

shoulder “glenohumeral” joint

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9
Q

not a true joint; no direct connection but connected indirectly by clavicle and several muscles; scapula gliding across (over) ribcage (thorax); provides increased motion to shoulder complex

A

scapulothoracic articulation

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10
Q

a triangular- shaped bone located superficially on posterior side of thorax

A

scapula

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11
Q

attaches to trunk indirectly through ligamentous attachment to clavicle

A

scapula

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12
Q

slightly concave anteriorly and glides over convex posterior rib cage

A

scapula

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13
Q

resting position is located between 2nd and 7th ribs

A

scapula

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14
Q

about 30 degrees anterior to frontal plane against the posterior thorax

A

plane of scapula

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15
Q

superior medial aspect, providing attachment for levator scapula muscle

A

superior angle

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16
Q

most inferior point & where vertebral and axillary borders meet; determines scapular rotation

A

inferior angle

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17
Q

between superior and inferior angles medially & attachment of the rhomboid and serratus anterior muscle

A

vertebral (medial) border

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18
Q

lateral side between glenoid fossa and inferior angle

A

axillary (lateral) border

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19
Q

projection on posterior surface running from medial border laterally to acromion process; provides attachment for middle and lower trapezius muscles; level with spinous process of 3rd and 4th thoracic vertebrae

A

spine

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20
Q

projection on anterior surface, providing attachment for pectoralis minor muscle

A

coracoid process

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21
Q

broad, flat area on superior lateral aspect; providing attachment for pectoralis minor muscle

A

acromion process

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22
Q

slightly concave surface that articulates with humerus on superior lateral side above the axillary (lateral) border and below the acromion process; positioned in an anterior, lateral, and upward direction

A

glenoid fossa

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23
Q

when you break the clavicle, you lose??

A

stability

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24
Q

s-shaped bone that connects the upper extremity to the axial skeleton at sternoclavicular joint

A

clavicle

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25
Q

attaches medially to sternum

A

sternal end

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26
Q

area between the two ends of clavicle

A

body

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27
Q

attaches laterally to scapula and provides attachment for upper trapezius muscles

A

acromial end

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28
Q

flat bone located in midline of anterior thorax; superior end provides attachment for clavicle followed beneath by attachments for costal cartilage of ribs

A

sternum

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29
Q

superior end providing attachment for clavicle and first rib

A

manubrium

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30
Q

middle 2/3rd of sternum, provides attachment for remaining rib

A

body

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31
Q

“sword shaped”; inferior tip

A

xiphoid process

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32
Q

formed by articulation between manubrium of sternum and medial (sternal) end of clavicle

A

sternoclavicular (SC) joint

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33
Q

synovial joint providing shoulder girdle with its only direct attachment to trunk

A

sternoclavicular (SC) joint

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34
Q

“modified” ball and socket joint; in congruent saddle joint; plane-shaped double gliding joint

A

sternoclavicular (SC) joint

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35
Q

“triaxial joint”- allows movements in three planes

A

sternoclavicular (SC) joint

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36
Q

dislocation is rare in this joint

A

sternoclavicular (SC) joint

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37
Q

joint capsule with 3 major ligaments and joint discs

A

sternoclavicular (SC) joint

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38
Q

in this joint, the clavicle moves and sternum is stationary

A

sternoclavicular (SC) joint

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39
Q

motions: elevation and depression in frontal plane, protraction and retraction in transverse plane, rotation along the longitudinal axis

A

sternoclavicular (SC) joint

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40
Q

shock absorber; important when falling on outstretched hand

A

articular disk of sternoclavicular (SC) joint

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41
Q

attached to posterior superior part of clavicle

A

upper part of articular disk of sternoclavicular (SC) joint

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42
Q

attached to manubrium and 1st costal cartilage

A

upper part of articular disk of sternoclavicular (SC) joint

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43
Q

protraction and retraction occurs between ______ in the articular disk of sternoclavicular (SC) joint

A

disc and sternum

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44
Q

elevation and depression motion occurs between _______ in the articular disc of sternoclavicular (SC) joint

A

clavicle and disc

45
Q

sternoclavicular, costoclavicular, interclavicular ligaments are components of

A

sternoclavicular (SC) joint

46
Q

located on top of manubrium, connecting superior sternal ends of clavicles; limit amount of clavicular depression

A

interclavicular ligament

47
Q

short, flat, rhomboid- shaped ligament that connects the clavicle’s inferior surface to superior surface of costal cartilage of 1st rib; limits amt of clavicular elevation

A

costoclavicular ligament

48
Q

connects the clavicle to sternum on both the anterior and posterior surface; divides into anterior and posterior ligraments; reinforce joint capsule

A

sternoclavicular ligament

49
Q

posterior sternoclavicular ligament limits ???

A

anterior motion

50
Q

anterior sternoclavicular ligament limits ???

A

posterior motion

51
Q

connects acromion process of scapula and lateral (acromion) end of clavicle; plane-shaped synovial joint that allows gliding motion to occur, contributing toward movement in three planes of motion

A

acromioclavicular (ac) joint

52
Q

allows subtle movements of scapula- minimal but allows continuity between scapula and thorax during scapular motions

A

acromioclavicular (AC) joint

53
Q

Scapular motions: upward and downward rotation occuring in plane of scapula; scapular tilt in sagittal plane; scapular winging in transverse plane

A

acromioclavicular (AC) joint

54
Q

ligament joint capsule surrounds articular borders of joint

A

acromioclavicular (AC) joint

55
Q

joint capsule reinforced above and below by superior and inferior _____

A

Acromioclavicular ligament

56
Q

supports the joint by holding the acromion process to the clavicle- helps to prevent dislocation of clavicle; capsular weakness leaves AC Joint susceptible to injury esp with fall on outstretched hand or blow to shoulder

A

acromioclavicular ligament

57
Q

accessory ligament; not directly located at joint but provides stability to joint and allows scapula to be suspended from clavicle

A

coracoclavicular ligament

58
Q

connects scapula to clavicle by attaching to inferior surface by attaching to inferior surface of clavicle’s lateral end and superior surface of scapula’s coracoid process

A

coracoclavicular ligament

59
Q

divides into lateral trapezoid portion and deeper medial corcoid portion

A

coracoclavicular ligament

60
Q

prevents backward motion of scapula together; limits rotation of scapula

A

coracoclavicular ligament

61
Q

accessory ligament and doesn’t cross AC Joint

A

coracoacromial ligament

62
Q

forms a roof over the head of humerus and serves as a protective arch; provides support to head when an upward force is transmitted along humerus

A

coracoacromial ligament

63
Q

attaches laterally on superior surface of coracoid process and runs up and out the inferior surface of acromion process

A

coracoacromial ligament

64
Q

stability comes from an indirect link to trunk through clavicle and several surrounding muscles; provides motion necessary for normal function of scapula

A

scapulothoracic articulation

65
Q

elevation and depression, protraction and retraction, upward and downward rotation motions

A

motions of shoudler girdle

66
Q

when scapula moves in superior direction

A

scapular elevation

67
Q

when scapula moves inferior direction

A

scapular depression

68
Q

adduction; scapula moves back toward posterior midline

A

scapular retraction

69
Q

returns to resting anatomical position from upwardly rotated postition

A

scapular downward rotation

70
Q

abduction; scapula moves away from posterior midline

A

scapular protraction

71
Q

inferior angle of the scapular rotates up and away from vertebral column

A

scapular upward rotation

72
Q

when shoulder joint gives into hyperextension; superior end of scapula tilts anteriorly and inferior end tilts posteriorly

A

scapular tilt

73
Q

elevation & depression and protraction/retraction are what types of motion?

A

linear

74
Q

posterior lateral movement of vertebral border of scapula in transverse plane; vertebral border of scapula moves away from rib cage

A

scapular winging

75
Q

occurs in AC joint but observed in scapulothoracic articulation

A

scapular winging

76
Q

occurs when stabilizing muscles around the scapula are weak or paralyzed

A

scapular winging

77
Q

if the shoulder joint flexes, the shoulder girdle

A

upward rotation, protraction

78
Q

if shoulder joint extends, the shoulder girdle

A

downward rotation, retraction

79
Q

if shoulder joint hyperextends, the shoulder girdle

A

scapular tilts

80
Q

if the shoulder joint adbucts, the shoulder girdle

A

upward rotation

81
Q

if shoulder joint adducts, the shoulder girdle

A

downward rotation

82
Q

if the shoulder joint medial rotates, the shoulder girdle

A

protraction

83
Q

if shoulder joint laterally rotates, the shoulder girdle

A

retraction

84
Q

if the shoulder joint horizontally abducts, the shoulder girdle

A

retraction

85
Q

if the the shoulder joint horizontally adducts, the shoulder girdle

A

protraction

86
Q

impairment at one joint will also impair

A

function at the other

87
Q

movement relationship between the shoulder girdle and joint; 2:1 ration

A

scapulohumeral rhythm

88
Q

the first 30 degrees of shoulder joint is pure shoulder joint motion; after for every 2 degrees of shoulder flex or abd that occurs, the scapula must upwardly rotate 1 degree

A

scapulohumeral rhythm

89
Q

size, angle of pull, joint motion possible, location of muscle in relation to joint axis determine

A

role of a muscle

90
Q

Greater vertical line of pull is effective in pulling scapula???

A

up and down (elevating/depressing)

91
Q

greater horizontal line of pull effective in pulling scapula??

A

in and out (protraction/retraction)

92
Q

equal vertical and horizontal line of pull ???

A

role in both motions

93
Q

muscles of shoulder girdle are:

A

trapezius, levator scapula, rhomboids, serratus anterior, pectoralis minor

94
Q

muscles pulling in different directions to accomplish the same motion

A

force couple

95
Q

upper trap pulls up, lower trap pulls down, lower serratus anterior pulls out in horizontal directions

A

upward rotation of scapula- force couple

96
Q

downward rotation is accompanied by ____ in shoulder joint in force couple

A

extension

97
Q

pec minor down, rhomboid pulls in, levator scapular pulls up

A

downward rotation of scapula- force couple

98
Q

chopping wood, paddling a canoe, pulling down on an overhead machine

A

downward rotation of scapula

99
Q

origin moves towards insertion

A

reverse muscle action

100
Q

most frequently broken bone in children; usually breaks in midportion common from a fall on outstretched hand or lateral aspect of shoulder

A

clavicular fractures

101
Q

ac ligament is stretched

A

1st degree sprain: acromioclavicular separation

102
Q

ac ligament is ruptured; coracoclavicular ligament stretched

A

2nd degree sprain: acromioclavicular separation

103
Q

both ac ligament and coracoclavicular ligament ruptured

A

3rd degree sprain: acromioclavicular separation

104
Q

when shoulder girdle is stabilized, the lower trap and pec minor can reverse their action and _____

A

assist in elevating the trunk

105
Q

bilateral contraction of the upper trap can _____

A

assist in extending the head and neck

106
Q

when upper trapezius is contracting unilaterally, it can _____

A

laterally bend the head and neck to same side (ipsilateral) and rotate it to the opposite side (contralateral)

107
Q

when scapula is stabilized when using crutches, it prevents the lower trap and pec minor from ____

A

depressing the scapula when they contract; origins move the body upward toward scapula

108
Q

when scapula is stabilized, the levator scapula ____

A

moves the neck

109
Q

help assist the splenius cervicis, a neck muscle, in rotating and laterally blending the neck ipsilaterally

A

levator scapula

Kinesiology PTA 125 (21 decks)

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