(P2) Infect dis: Candidiasis (the oesophagus)

Question 1

Name this slide

1. Name the Staining: upper right corner darker purple
2. Name the area towards the center of structure
3. What organism causes this infection?

Answer 1

Candidiasis (the esophagus)

1. H&E staining
2. mucosal hyperaemia
3. C. albicans (yeast)

Question 2

name the slide

1. name the staining
2. Where in the body does this infection occur?
3. this slide represents what type of
   * cell injury* and disease which causes what 2 conditions?

Answer 2

Candidiasis (the esophagus)

1. PAS staining
2. oropharynx, skin, vagina, GI tract
3. Necrosis (Cell injury) w/ Candidiasis (disease) causing Shock and DIC

Question 3

Candidiasis (the esophagus)

1. Where in the body does this infection occur?
2. Name two types of this disease?
3. What condition can this lead to?

Answer 3

1. oropharynx, skin, vagina, GI tract

2. Candida Esophagitis (AIDS-first sign of aids)

and

Candida Vaginitis (women with diabetes or pregnant women)

3. Shock and DIC

Question 4

What is the most frequent cause of human fungal infections from superficial in the healthy person to disseminatd in the immunocompromised patients

Answer 4

Candida albicans

Question 5

Candida albicans reside where?

Answer 5

small numbers in the oropharynx, GI tract and vagina as benign commensals

Question 6

Severe candidiasis cause:

Answer 6

-neutropenia secondary to leukemia or
anticancer therapy.

• Immunosuppression after transplantation and neutrophil disorders such as chronic granulomatous disease.
• Disseminated candida eventually may cause shock and DIC

Question 7

What is the role of Antibiotic use in Candidiasis

Answer 7

Antibiotic use suppresses competing bacterial flora and is the most common precipitating factor for candidiasis.

Question 8

• Candida albicans cause*
• what type infecition in the mouth*

Answer 8

-Thrush friable, white, curd-like membranes adherent to affected surface.

-There is also mucosal hyperaemia and inflammation

Question 9

Candidiasis (the esophagus)

Name two types of this disease:

and

commonly seen patients with?

Answer 9

1. Candida esophagitis – commonly seen in AIDs patients and in those with hematolymphoid malignancies
2. Candida vaginitis – women with diabetes or pregnant women or on oral contraceptives

Question 10

Cutaneous candidiasis

provide examples:

Answer 10

1. Nail proper (onychomycosis)
2. Nail folds (paronychia)
3. Hair follicles (folliculitis)
4. Penile skin (balanitis)

Question 11

Severe candidiasis

can typically occure after what type of conditions?

Answer 11

1. Neutropenia secondary to leukemia anticancer therapy
2. Immunosuppression after transplantation
3. Neutrophil disorders

Question 12

Disseminated candida

eventually may cause:

Answer 12

shock and DIC

Question 13

Histologically

Name type of infection:

Staining usage:

Invasive candidiasis causes:

Answer 13

1. In superficial infection – on mucosal surfaces gray-white pseudomembranous
2. Matted organisms and inflammatory debris
3. PAS staining
4. Invasive candidiasis – blood dissemination to various tissue or organs (e.g. kidney, heart, brain, liver, lungs)

Question 14

C. albicans is a form of What?

Resides where?

What type of causative agent is it ?

Answer 14

Form of yeast

• *1.** Residing normally in the skin, nail, mouth, GIT, vagina (commensal)
• *2.** A causative agent of opportunistic oral, skin and genital infections in humans (candida esophagitis, vaginitis cutaneous candidiasis)

Question 15

Systemic fungal infections

Is knwon as What?

Answer 15

Systemic fungal infections (furgemias) are dangerous for immunocompromised patients

Question 16

Candida albicans

• S/S*
• of the Mouth?*

Answer 16

S/S:

loss of taste, cotton mouth, slight bleeding, creamy white lesions in the mouth, etc.

Question 17

• Give 5 steps*
• of the*
• inflammatory response*
• (5R’s)*

Answer 17

1. Recognition of the injury
2. Recruitment of Leukocytes
3. Removal of the agent
4. Regulation of the response
5. Resoulution