(P2) Inf. Dis: Cryptococcosis (the lung) (mucicarmine) (320) Flashcards
name this slide
- Name the small red/purple circles:
- what is present on this slide?
Cryptococcosis (the lung) (mucicarmine) (320)
- mucicarmine stains cryptococcus mucus capsule pink
- only yeast-no pseudohyphae or hyphae
- Name this:*
- slide?*
- Organ?*
- stain?*
- Cryptococcosis*
- (the lung)*
- Stain: (mucicarmine)*
Cryptococcosis (the lung) (mucicarmine
What is the purple looking structure on the slide called?
mucicarmine capsule
name this slide
organ
stain?
What are the Bluish/purplish structures called?
Cryptococcosis
the lung
(mucicarmine)
Granulation Tissue
name this slide?
What organism causes this infection?
cryptococcus neoformans (yeast)
Cryptococcosis (the lung) (mucicarmine)
- Route of transmission?
- Most common sites of infection?
- What two stains are used?
- Route of transmission?
-pigeon droppings
- Most common sites of infection?
- meninges, brain, lungs
- -if severe: *skin, liver, spleen
- What two stains are used?
-H&E and mucicarmine
Cryptococcosis (the lung) (mucicarmine)
What causes cryptococcosis
Who gets it
define it:
Cryptococcus neoformans
occurs in immunocompetent persons but more often in patients with HIV/AIDS, hematogenous malignancies, and other immunosuppressive conditions
- -are environmental, basidiomycetous yeasts. -these yeast cells possess large polysaccharide capsules.*
- -Cryptococcus neoformans occurs worldwide in nature and is isolated readily from dry pigeon feces, as well as trees, soil*
Cryptococcosis (the lung) (mucicarmine)
Main reservoir ?
pigeon droppings
Cryptococcosis (the lung) (mucicarmine)
Name the
most imortant lesions involved:
The most important lesion involves the
meninges, brain & lungs, CNS, cortical gray matter and basal nuclei
Cryptococcosis (the lung) (mucicarmine)
- Cryptococcosis in the lung*
- may be present as?*
- Diffuse disease (cryptococcal pneumonia)
- Isolated areas of consolidation
Cryptococcosis (the lung) (mucicarmine)
Describe how Cryptoccocossis affects
the alveoli:
In immunocompetent individuals-can previous exposure be acknowledged and how?
The affected alveoli are distended by clusters of organisms, usually with minimal associated
inflammation.
In immunocompetent people we can find old granulomas (residue of old exposure)
Cryptococcosis (the lung) (mucicarmine)
Name
Clinical symptoms:
-
CNS – disease often begins with non-specific symptoms
▪ Headache, dizziness, sleepiness and loss of coordination, little or no fever, pneumonia –
not clinically distinct from the other opportunistic pulmonary infections
Histologically
Cryptococcosis (the lung) (mucicarmine)
- In H&E staining, cryptococci a_ppear as holes or bubbles.*
* Staining with mucicarmine i_llustrates the
capsule of the organism
2. Mucicarmine stain – cell wall → red
Cryptococcosis (the lung) (mucicarmine)
What is cryptococcus neoformans?
how is it acquired?
who gets it?
describe all factors:
Cryptococcus neoformans – encapsulated yeast
- Inhalation of fungal spores
- Can cause meningoencephalitis
- In immunocompromised hosts (opportunistic infection)
- A major risk factor – high doses of steroids
- Mucoid capsule – giving the appearance of a clear zone around nucleus (mucicarmine)
- Granulomatous reaction with macrophages, lymphocytes, giant cells
- May be widely disseminated to skin, liver, spleen, adrenal and bones (systemic mycosis) o CT – pulmonary nodules
Cryptococcosis (the lung) (mucicarmine)
S/S
Name different types:
Blurred vision, bone paid or tenderness of the breast bone
- pulmonary cryptococcus
- meningoencephalitis
- cryptococcoma
Cryptococcosis (the lung) (mucicarmine) (320)
Staining name 4:
- India-ink (visualization of the mucous capsule)
- Mucicarmin (the mucous capsule in red)
- PAS ( cryptococcus as pale, round object
- Hotchi method = PAS & Gimsa + Alcian Blue
