Chapter 14- hormonal communication Flashcards
Why fatigue may occur in px with type 2 diabates who is not taking medication?
- less glucose uptake into cells
- less glucose for respiration
- less ATP
Where prodcuction of glucocorticoids takes place?
adrenal cortex
Adv of using genetically engineered insulin than the one from pigs?
- more ethical
- no religious objections
- more supply
- cheap
- exact match to human insulin
Adv of using stem cells to treat diabetes than using insulin?
- cures not just manages
- permanent
Role of pancreas as exorcrine gland?
- enzymes released into duct e.g. lipase and amylase
- pancreatic secretions into duodenum
How negative feedback is used to control blood glucose conc? TOO HIGH
- if high blood glucose conc. B cells release insulin
- increased uptake of glucose by effector cells
- enters through glucose transport proteins
- glucose converted to glycogen. glycogenesis
- increased use of glucose in respiration
How negative feedback is used to control blood glucose conc? TOO LOW
-if low blood glucose conc. Alpha cells release glucagon
-increased conversion og glycogen to glucose. glycogenolysis
-increased conversion of other compounds / lipids/ amino acids. gluconeogenesis
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Nervous mechanisms in controlling heart rate?
- cardiovascular centre in medulla oblongata connected to SAN which controls frequency of waves of excitation
- accelerator /sympathetic nerve increases heart rate
- vagus / parasympathetic nerve decreases heart rate
- high bp detected by baroreceptors
- low blood pH due to high levels of CO2 (forms carbonic acid ) detected by chemoreceptors
Which part of brain affected? problems with coordination of movement
cerebellum
Which part of brain affected? Loss of memory and speech
cerebrum
Which part of brain affected?paralysis of body below neck?
cerebellum
Differences in ways plant and mammalian hormones operate?
- M made in endocrine glands
- P made in many plant tissues
- M move in blood
- P move in xylem/ phloem
- M act on target tissues P act on most tissues
