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OBS and GYN > jan 21 > Flashcards

jan 21 Flashcards

1
Q

Preferred modality for diagnosing a ureteral stone?

A

ultrasonography or noncontrast spiral CT

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2
Q

can CMV cause meningitis in healthy patients?

A

NO

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3
Q

inheritance of myotonic dystrophy?

A

AD - trinucleotide repeat in DMPK gene

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4
Q

when does myotonic dystrophy typically present?

A

age 15-30

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5
Q

clinical presentation of myotonic dystrophy?

A
  • facial weakness
  • grip myotonia
  • dysphagia
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6
Q

prognosis of myotonic dystrophy?

A

death at age 40-50 due to respiratory or cardiac failure

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7
Q

inheritance of Duchennes muscular dystrophy?

A

X linked - deletion of dystrophin gene

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8
Q

age of onset of Duchennes muscular dystrophy?

A

2-3

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9
Q

presentation of Duchennes muscular dystrophy?

A
  • progressive weakness
  • gower sign
  • calf pseudohypertrophy
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10
Q

prognosis of Duchennes muscular dystrophy

A
  • wheelchair dependent by adolescence

- death from age 20-30 from respiratory or heart failure

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11
Q

inheritance of beckers muscular dystrophy?

A

-X-linked deletion of dystrophin gene

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12
Q

onset age of beckers muscular dystrophy

A

5-15

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13
Q

clinical presentation of beckers muscular dystrophy

A

weakness (more mild than duchennes)

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14
Q

prognosis of beckers muscular dystrophy

A

death at 40-50 from heart failure

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15
Q

metabolism of calcineuron inhibitors?

A

mainly hepatic

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16
Q

adverse effects of calcineuron inhibitors?

A

Vasoconstrictive properties -> AKI

17
Q

what is a sign of intentional scald injury to a child?

A

sparing of flexural creases

18
Q

common findings in UNintentional scald injuries to a child?

A
  • splash marks
  • nonuniform depth of burns
  • poorly defined and asymmetric wound margins
19
Q

most common type of kidney stones?

A

Calcium oxalate or phosphate

20
Q

are calcium kidney stones seen on xray?

A

yes

21
Q

are struvite kidney stones seen on xray?

A

yes

22
Q

are uric acid stones seen on xray?

A

no

23
Q

are serum calcium levels normal in patients with calcium kidney stones?

A

yes usually

24
Q

xray findings of rheumatoid arthritis?

A

periarticular osteopenia and bony erosions

25
Q

xray findings of arthropathy of hereditary hemochromatosis?

A
  • joint space narrowing
  • chondrocalcinosis
  • hook-shaped osteophytes at metacarpal heads
26
Q

brocas area is part of…

A

the dominant frontal lobe

27
Q

wernickes area is part of…

A

the temporal lobe

28
Q

whole grapes, raw vegetables, nuts, hard candy, should be avoid until…

A

age 4

29
Q

why may a patient have anion gap metabolic acidosis after a tonic-clonic seizure?

A
  • lactic acid levels rise due to skeletal muscle hypoxa

- TRANSIENT and should self resolve

30
Q

lung symptoms of blastomycosis

A

acute and chronic pneumonia

31
Q

skin symptoms of blastomycosis

A

wart-like lesions, violaceous nodules, skin ulcers

32
Q

bone complication of blastomycosis?

A

osteomyelitis

33
Q

GU complications of blastomycosis?

A

prostatitis, epididymo-orchitis

34
Q

large local reactions may occur after…

A

bites from bees, ants, wasps

35
Q

initial investigation for hirschprung disease?

A

contrast enema THEN rectal suction biopsy

36
Q

trisomy 18 =

A

edwards syndrome

37
Q

Characteristics of edwards syndrome

A
  • microcephaly, micrognthia
  • overlapping fingers
  • rocker bottom feet
  • ventral septal defect
38
Q

most common congenital heart disease in edwards syndrome

A

VSD

OBS and GYN (42 decks)

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