Introduction to Circulation Flashcards
Functions of circulation
carrying O2/nutrients and removing waste homoestasis via kidneys distribution of hormones temperature regulation defence against infections
1) pulmonary circulation
2) systemic circulation
1) right v, crescent X section, low pressure/resistance, high flow
2) left v, circular X section, high pressure, variable flow/resistance
Blood volume set by kidneys
Na and H2O central to volume setting
Blood pressure determined by balance between circulating blood volume and circulatory capacity
Ischaemia
Insufficient blood flow to a region
Due to vessel clog/constriction, or insufficient blood volume, or insufficient pressure generation by heart
Angina Pectoris
Due to overexertion of damaged heart tissue (resulting from ischaemia of heart tissue due to obstruction/spasm of coronary artery
May be caused by CAD/embolism
Treat with nitrates
Myocardial Infarction
Death of one region in the heart - occlusion of CA
sudden, crushing chest pain
treat: immediate reperfusion - morphine, oxygen, nitrates, aspirin
Can cause heart failure later down the line
Syncope
Loss of consciousness due to insufficient blood flow to the brain
Often caused by heart malfunctions - shock/arrhythmia