Rutura prematura membranas Flashcards

1
Q

Liquido amniotico

A
  • Fluido que envolve o feto
  • Produzido continuamente e apos 16 sem gestação é dependente predominantemente de urina fetal
  • Protege contra infeção, trauma fetal, e compressão do cordão
  • Permite movimento fetal e respiração
  • Permite desenvolvimento do esqueleto fetal, torax e pulmao
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2
Q

Rutura

A
  • Prematura (8%): antes do trabalho de parto e a partir das 37 sem- 70% -> trabalho de parto em 24h
  • Antes das 37 sem: rotura prematura pretermo -> 50% trabalho parto em 1 semana; 30% trabalho parto pretermo
  • Inversamente preoporcional à idd gestacional (menos idd gestacional mais tempo demora entrar em trabalho de parto expontâneo)
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3
Q

Etiologia

A
  • Metabolites produced by bacteria and inflamatory mediators may either weaken fetal membranes or iniciate uterine contractions by stimulating prostaglandin synthesis
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4
Q

FR

A
o Smoking 
o Low body mass index
o low socioeconomic status
o Urinary tract infections
o Short cervix
o PTBirth anterior with or without PPROM
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5
Q

Complicações

A
- Fetal:
o PTL 
o Respiratory distress syndrome
o Intraventricular hemorrhage
o Neonatal infection
o Necrotizing enterocolitis 
o Sepsis
o Neurologic and neuromuscular dysfunction
o Prolapsed umbilical cord
o Abruptio placentae
- Maternas:
o Intrauterine infection 
o Corioamnionitis
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6
Q

DX

A
  • HC (fluidos a passar pela vag)
  • EO (presença liquido no fundo saco)
    o Nitrazine test ( pH) : AF is alkaline pH> 7,1
    o Fern test( content of sodium chloride in AF)
    o Ultrasonography
    o Amniosure test
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7
Q

Dx dif

A
  • Incontinencia urinaria
  • Aum secreções fisiológicas
  • Increased cervical discharge
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8
Q

Gestão

A
  • Gestational age ( time of the rupture)
  • Chorioamnionitis ( likelihood)
  • Fetal wellbeing
    o Amount of amniotic fluid and degree fetal maturity
  • Associated maternal or fetal patology
  • 37 OU + SEM:
    o Spontaneous labor in 24h – 90 %
    o PROM at term – Induction of labor at time of presentation
    ( reduce the risk of chorioamnionitis)
    o não existe beneficio em prolongar gravidez
  • ANTES 37 SEM:
    o Latency period is inversely related to gestational age

o Oligohydramnios <> infection

o Single course of steroids (24-34 w) - maturação pulm fetal

o Neuroprotection (24 -32 s)

o Antibiotics

o Tocolytics ??

  • 34-36 SEM:
    o Group B streptococcal prophylaxis

o Consider single course corticosteroids if not previously received

o não se justifica prolongar porcausa do risco infeccioso

  • 32-33 SEM:
    o Expectant management

o Group B streptococcal prophylaxis

o Single course corticosteroids

o Antibiotics to prolong latency ( if there no contraindications)

  • 24-31 SEM:
    o Expectant management

o Group B streptococcal prophylaxis

o Single course corticosteroids

o Magnesium sulfate for fetal neuroprotection

o Antibiotics to prolong latency ( if there no contraindications)

  • ANTES DAS 24 SEM:
    o Patient counseling

o Expectant management or induction of labor

o Antibiotics may be considered

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9
Q

Corioamnionite

A
  • infeção intraamniotica (membranas fetais e fluido amniotico)
    o Fever
    o Tachycardia (Maternal and fetal)
    o Uterine tenderness
    o Maternal white blood cells count is elevated
    o Dysfuncional labor
  • Complicações
    o Fetal
    . Neurologic abnormalities ( periventricular leukomalacia , cerebral palsy)

. Prolapsed umbilical cord

. Abruptio placentae

o Maternal
. Sepsis

  • TX:
    o AB
    o Parto
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