Behavourist Perspective Flashcards
What are some behaviourist assumptions?
We are all born with blank slates (behaviour is learnt)
Nurture is more important than nature
The Situation is more important than the individual
What is classical conditioning?
Learning through association
Two stimulus are linked together to produce a new learned response in a person or animal.
An example of classical conditioning?
In the 1890s a man called Ivan pavlov investigated classical conditioning with dogs
He figured out that dog’s salivating when food was being bought to them was a hard wired response
He used the sound of a metronome then placed the food in-front of them
After a few times of doing this the dogs started to salivate when hearing the sound proving classical conditioning
Who was Ivan pavlov?
He was a russian empire and soviet psychologist
He was born in 1849 and died in 1936
What is operant conditioning?
A method that employs rewards and punishmets for behaviour.
What is an example of operant conditioning?
Skinner showed how positive reinforcement worked by placing a hungry rat in his skinner box
The box had a leaver and as the rat moved about the box it would accidentally knock it. Immediately it did so a food pallet would drop into the box.
The rats quickly learned to go straight to the leaver after a few times of being in the box.
The consequence of receiving food if they pressed the leaver meant that the rats would do it again and again
Who is BF Skinner ?
American psychologist, professor of psychology at Harvard.
What is the social learning theory ?
Children develop through learning from other people around them
