Acids bases and buffers Flashcards
1
Q
what is a Bronsted Lowry acid ?
A
proton donor
2
Q
what is a Bronsted Lowry base?
A
proton acceptor
3
Q
Metal + acid
A
salt + hydrogen
4
Q
metal oxide + acid
A
salt + water
5
Q
metal hydroxide + acid
A
salt + water
6
Q
metal carbonate + acid
A
salt + water + carbon dioxide
7
Q
what is a conjugate pair?
A
a conjugate pair is linked by the transferring of a proton
- conjugate acid is +
- conjugate base is -
8
Q
what is Kw?
A
- ionic product of water
- Kw = [H+][OH-}
9
Q
How to calculate the pH
A
pH = -log[H+]
10
Q
How to calculate the [H+]
A
[H+] = 10^-pH
inverse of log
11
Q
How to calculate pH of strong monobasic acids
A
[HA] = [H+]
use pH = -log[H+]
12
Q
How to calculate pH of strong dibasic acids
A
[HA] = 2[H+] pH = -log[H+ x2]
13
Q
How to calculate pH of strong bases
A
[Base] = [OH-]
- first find H+ using Kw/OH-
- then find pH using -log[H+]
14
Q
How to calculate the pH of a weak acid
A
Ka = [H+]^2 / [HA]
- rearrange to find [H+] by doing square root of Ka*[HA]
- calculate pH by doing -log[H+]
15
Q
How to calculate pKa
A
pKa = -log(Ka)
