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NMSP Exam 3 > Personality Disorders > Flashcards

Personality Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Id

A

instinctive builogic drives and desires

“I want it now!”

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2
Q

What is the Ego?

A

logical and language based problem solving

“I think” or “We can compromise”

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3
Q

What is the Superego?

A

moral conscience based on ideals and values

“I should” or “It’s not right to do that”

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4
Q

What are defense mechanisms?

A

Ego defense mechanisms are how the ego solves problems by

  1. solving conflicts between the Id and the Superego
  2. keeps the person connected to reality
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5
Q

If tension cannot be resolved, what takes over?

A

defense mechanisms

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6
Q

What are primitive defenses?

A

childhood, dreams, psychotic adults use these

allow the user to eliminate the need to cope with reality

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7
Q

What is projection?

A
  • primitive
  • grossly frank delusions about external reality
  • projects paranoid ideas out onto the world and onto other people

Example: man who cheated on wife, thinks she is cheating on him without evidence

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8
Q

What is denial?

A
  • primitive
  • refusal to accept external reality because it is too threatening
  • Denies existence of trauma

Example: Pt sprained ankle but continues to go for a run

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9
Q

What is splitting?

A
  • Primitive
  • seeing some people as all good and others as all bad

Example: Pt idolizes you but demonizes previous provider

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10
Q

What is Displacement?

A
  • Neurotic
  • shifts sexual or aggressive impulses to a more acceptable or less threatening target
  • redirects emotions or separates emotion

Example: mother yells at child when angry at spouse; Doc yells at front staff when frustrated with patient

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11
Q

What is Regression?

A
  • Neurotic
  • Temporary reversion of behavior to an earlier/less mature behavior

Example: adult “baby talking” when stressed

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12
Q

What is somatization/hypochondriasis?

A
  • Neurotic
  • transforming negative feelings towards others into negatiev feelings toward self, pain, illness, or anxiety

Example: student is embarrassed by resident on rotation, next day has upset stomach upon arrival to hospital

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13
Q

What is Introjection/Identification?

A
  • Neurotic
  • Opposite of projection, involves taking others behaviors or emotions and internalizing this. Can be conscious (imitation) or unconscious (defense).

Example: Student acts like mentor; Abused child becomes an abusive parent

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14
Q

What is Isolation of Affect?

A
  • Neurotic
  • Separating feelings from ideas and events
  • Very calm when talking about sad/shocking/stressful events
  • Cognitive info is recalled, but emotions are avoided

Example: person describes murder in detail but no emotional response is evident

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15
Q

What is Intellectualization?

A
  • Neurotic
  • Focusing on and exaggerating the intellectual aspect of a situation so as to distance oneself form anxiety

Example: Doc focuses on test results rather than pt’s emotions

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16
Q

What is Blocking?

A
  • Neurotic
  • Temporarily inhibits thinking
  • Can include effect and behaviour
  • Person just “stops” momentarily
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17
Q

What is Acting Out?

A
  • Neurotic
  • Covering up true feelings by discharging a different feeling (usually anger)

Example: Physical fight or bullying because person can’t handle internal emotions; Adolescent drinking ETOH because can’t cope with parents divorce

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18
Q

What is Reaction Formation?

A
  • Neurotic
  • Converting unconscious wishes or impulses considered threatening into the opposite action

Example: co-workers fight but they secretly are attracted to eachother

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19
Q

What is Undoing?

A
  • Neurotic
  • Do an action to “fix” or reverse a previously unacceptable behaviour
  • seen in OCD, Body Dysmorohic Disorder, Partner Violence, etc
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20
Q

What is Rationalization?

A
  • Neurotic
  • Person convinces themselves that no wrong has happened and that the unacceptable is acceptable

Example: If the room wasn’t so noisy, I would have done better on the test.

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21
Q

What is Passive Aggressive?

A
  • Neurotic
  • aggression towards others expressed indirectly

Example: You need to return a borrowed dish to a neighbor but their dog ate your garden, so now you wait to give it back to them

AKA: A real Karen

22
Q

What is Dissociation?

A
  • Neurotic
  • Drastic change in identity or character to avoid stress
  • “out of body” experience

Example: memory may be “boxed” into another part of the conscious and not easy to recall, or moved into unconscious and thus unable to recall

23
Q

What is Humor (as a defense mechanism)?

A
  • Mature
  • Using humor to express ideas and feelings

Example: student makes a joke out of being sleep deprived

24
Q

What is Supression?

A
  • Mature
  • Conscious and intentional (thus not Repression)
  • Delay paying attention to an emotional need an deal with it later

Example: Pt dies, but doctor puts grieving on hold in order to care for other patients

25
Q

What is Altruism?

A
  • Constructive service to others, brings pleasure and satisfaction

Example: Doctor thinks: I want to see my child’s play, but my patients need me.

26
Q

What is Sublimation?

A
  • Mature
  • Transform unpleasant emotoin into positive action, behavior, or emotion

Example: angry with friend so you exercise, chop wood, pain, sing, clean, etc.

27
Q

How can you tell if someone is “Quirky” or diagnosable?

A

look for Functional Impairment!

28
Q

A personality disorder defined is an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates from expectations in ___ areas

A

two or more areas

  1. Cognition
  2. Affectivity
  3. Interpersonal functioning
  4. Impulse Control
29
Q

What patterns of behavior must be identified to diagnose a personality disorder?

A
  • Enduring, inflexible and pervasive pattern of behavior across personal and social situations
  • Clinically significant distress or impairment
  • Stable pattern of long duration
30
Q

What Conditions fall under “Cluster A”

A

Schizotypical

Paranoid

Schizoid

31
Q

Describe Paranoid Personality Disorder

A

Suspicious

Grudges

Offendable

Angry

Pre-occupied with loyalty

Suspects they are a victim/exploited

32
Q

How to manage Paranoid Personality Disorder?

A

Respect but do not collude

Be open, honest and respectful

After rapport is established, provide alternative explanations for other’s behavior.

No group therapy

33
Q

Describe Schizoid Personality Disorder?

A

Dislike social contact, but not because of anxiety

Solitary interests

Little interest in sex

Flat affect

34
Q

What is the best management for Schizoid Personality Disorder?

A

Respect their space

Do not impose social expectations

35
Q

Describe Schizotypical Personality Disorder

A

Difficulty with intimacy

Odd thinking and speech

Magical thinking

Unusual Perceptual experiences

Constricted or Inappropriate affect

Appearance is eccentric/odd

Excessive social anxiety/paranoid fears

36
Q

What is best management for Schizotypical Personality Disorder?

A

Do no ridicule or judge

May have misperceptions of symptoms/treatments

37
Q

What are Cluster B Disorders?

A

Borderline Personality Disorder

Histrionic Personality Disorder

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

38
Q

Describe Borderline Personality Disorder

A

appear to be in a state of crisis

highly unpredictable

splitting

identify more with inanimate objects/animals

39
Q

What is the best management for Borderline Personality Disorder?

A

Be clear and consistent with boundaries

Coordinate care with other providers to avoid splitting

40
Q

What is Histrionic Personality Disorder?

A

Need Center of Attention

Show sexual seductive/provocative behavior

Shallow emotions that can rapidly shift

41
Q

What is the best management for Histrionic Personality Disorder?

A

Address Seductive behaviors in professional manner

maintain boundaries

42
Q

Describe Antisocial Personality Disorder

A

Must be 18 y/o or older

Evidence of behavior patterns before age 15

Old term for: “psychopath” or “sociopath”

Not asocial-may be very extraverted, charming, seductive

Great at conning people

Manipulate and cheat people

43
Q

What is the best management for Antisocial Personality Disorder

A

Firm limits

Caution when prescribing controlled substances

44
Q

Describe Narcissistic Personality Disorder

A

Reqiure excessive admiration

Often feel contempt for others

have “special” needs or requirements

45
Q

What is the best management for Narcissistic Personality Disorder?

A

Acknowledge pt as special

Avoid power struggles

Monitor for depression/SI

Use “I” statements

46
Q

What are Cluster C disorders?

A

Avoidant Personality Disorder

Dependent Personality Disorder

Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder

47
Q

Describe Avoidant Personality Disorder

A

social inhibition with feelings of inadequacy

Unusually reluctant to take personal risks or new activities

48
Q

What is the best mangament for Avoidant Personality Disorder?

A

Avoid critical comments

Have patience and understanding

49
Q

Describe Dependent Personality Disorder

A

Subordinate their own needs for the needs of others and may accept demeaning tasks in order to gain acceptance

Feels uncomfy when alone

50
Q

What is the best management for Dependent Personality Disorder

A

Tolerate requests for reassurance

When encouraging change in dynamics of an abusive relationship, assess the pt’s stage of change (motivational interviewing)

51
Q

Describe Obessive Compulsive Personality Disorder

A

Preoccupied with details, rules, lists, order, organization, schedules, etc. to the extend that the point of the activity is lost

Perfectionism that interferes with the task

Unwilling to compromise and insist that others submit to their needs

Rigidity and stubbornness

52
Q

What is the best management for OCPD?

A

Avoid power struggles and use motivational interviewing

Allow the pt to have control when you can

try to understand their need for control

NMSP Exam 3 (21 decks)

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