Chapter 5 Nucleic Acids

Question 1

Gene

Answer 1

Unique unit of inheritance That programs the amino acid sequence in a poly peptide

Question 2

Genes consist on DNA which belongs to a class of compounds called

Answer 2

Nucleic acids

Question 3

Nucleic acids

Answer 3

Polymers made of monomers called nucleotides

Question 4

What are the two types of nucleic acids?

Answer 4

DNA and RNA

Question 5

What is the function of DNA and RNA?

Answer 5

Enable living organisms to reproduce their complex components from one generation to the next

Question 6

What is gene expression

Answer 6

DNA directs RNA synthesis and through RNA controls protein synthesis

Question 7

What is the flow of genetic information?

Answer 7

DNA-> RNA-> Protein

Question 8

Ribosomes

Answer 8

Sites of protein synthesis

Question 9

Where does DNA reside?

Answer 9

In the nucleus

Question 10

Nucleic acids are macromolecules that exists as polymers called

Answer 10

Polynucleotides

Question 11

Each polynucleotide consists of monomers called

Answer 11

Nucleotides

Question 12

A nucleotide consists of what three parts?

Answer 12

5 carbon sugar (a pentose)
A nitrogen containing base
And 1-3 phosphate groups

Question 13

Nucleoside

Answer 13

Portion of nucleotide without any phosphate groups

Question 14

What are the 2 families of nitrogenous bases

Answer 14

Pyrimidines and purines

Question 15

Pyrimidine

Answer 15

Nitrogenous base. 6 members ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms

Question 16

Purines

Answer 16

Nitrogenous base. Larger with 6 members ring fused to a 5 member ring

Question 17

What are the 3 members of the pyrimidine family

Answer 17

Members are:
Cytosine
Thymine
Uracil

Question 18

What are the 2 members of the purine family?

Answer 18

Adenine

Guanine

Question 19

What 3 nitrogenous bases are going in both DNA and RNA?

Answer 19

Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine

Question 20

What nitrogenous base is found ONLY in DNA?

Answer 20

Thymine

Question 21

What nitrogenous base is found ONLY in RNA?

Answer 21

Uracil

Question 22

In DNA what is the sugar attached to nitrogenous base?

Answer 22

Deoxyribose

Question 23

In RNA what is the sugar attached to nitrogenous base?

Answer 23

Ribose

Question 24

What is the difference between deoxyribose and ribose?

Answer 24

Deoxyribose lacks an oxygen atom on second carbon in the ring

Question 25

Double helix

Answer 25

2 polynucleotides or strands that wind around an imaginary axis

Question 26

Antiparallel

Answer 26

Two sugar phosphate backbones run in opposite directions from each other

Question 27

What base pairing double helix are compatible with each other?

Answer 27

(A) with (T)

G) with (C

Question 28

RNA molecules consists of how many strands?

Answer 28

A single strand