chapter four

Question 1

overall physical growth

Answer 1

slower than infancy. between two and six children gain 4-5 pounds grow about three inches.

Question 2

brain weight

Answer 2

3 years 75 percent adult weight 6 years 95 percent

Question 3

prefrontal cortex

Answer 3

being able to think, make decisions, control your emotions

Question 4

gross and fine motor skills

Answer 4

gross (run, jump) fine (coloring, drawing.)

Question 5

sleep

Answer 5

children need lots of sleep. two year olds 15-16 hours while six year olds need 7-8

Question 6

food consistency

Answer 6

children need consistency. they prefer the same food

Question 7

malnutrition

Answer 7

solid foods, limit choices

Question 8

pretend play

Answer 8

toys can help kids learn and have more uses. a teddy bear can be a baby

Question 9

egocentrisim

Answer 9

children cant understand another persons point of view

Question 10

animism

Answer 10

children attribute human qualities to objects

Question 11

conservation

Answer 11

two glasses can have the same liquid but be different sizes. child doesn’t understand liquid is the same amount

Question 12

centration

Answer 12

focused on the center. if you put food in a smaller bowl the child will think they have less food. only centered on one aspect

Question 13

classification

Answer 13

cant understand that an object can be classified in different ways

Question 14

vygotskys social world

Answer 14

social interactions can impact a childs development

Question 15

zone of proximal development

Answer 15

teacher helps a child be able to preform a task and eventually do it on their own

Question 16

scaffolding

Answer 16

temporary support from parents or teachers

Question 17

divided attention

Answer 17

the ability to focus between tasks

Question 18

selective attention

Answer 18

focus on a single task

Question 19

sustained attention

Answer 19

ability to stay on task for long periods of time

Question 20

theory of mind

Answer 20

the ability to think about other peoples thoughts

Question 21

vocabulary growth

Answer 21

vocabulary expands from 200 words to 10,000

Question 22

fast mapping

Answer 22

connections between new and known words

Question 23

bilingual

Answer 23

understand and use at least two languages

Question 24

initiative vs guilt

Answer 24

kids want to take initiative. Encourage it, praise children and avoid being criticle

Question 25

self concept and self esteem

Answer 25

self concept- physical descriptors according to different categories (internal and external) self esteem- judgment of who we are

Question 26

authoritarian-

Answer 26

commanding. do it because i said so

Question 27

authortative

Answer 27

good communication and reasoning, well adjusted children

Question 28

uninvolved

Answer 28

disengaged

Question 29

permissive

Answer 29

no rules

Question 30

play

Answer 30

a way for children to develop their intellectual abilities,

Question 31

child abuse

Answer 31

any act or failure to act the puts a child in harm

Question 32

early adversity

Answer 32

when kids have strong adversity without adult support a childs stress can disrupt development and have lasting impact