Renal Flashcards
Man with red urine over 1 week. O/E retinal flecks, urine dip ++ protein ++ blood. PMH: sensorineural deafness. Dx?
Alports syndrome
What is the triad of Sx for Alpert’s syndrome?
Nephritis, sensorineural deafness, ocular abnormalities
What is the pathophysiology of Alports?
Type IV collagen synthesis defect
List a common cause of asymptomatic haematuria
Thin basement membrane
Benign familial haematuria
IgA nephropathy
What is the most common cause of glomerulonephritis?
IgA nephropathy
Haematuria and weight loss. Heavy smoker. Dx?
Bladder cancer
Man presents with oliguria and raised creatinine and urea after a ruptured AAA. Dx?
Acute tubular necrosis secondary to renal ischaemia
What is the triad of Sx in haemolytic uraemic syndrome?
Microangiopathic haemolysis
Thrombocytopenia
Acute renal injury
C-ANCA +’ve. Affecting lungs & kidneys. Dx?
Wegener’s granulomatosis
Anti basement membrane ABs. URTI Sx then glomerulonephritis. Dx?
Goodpasture’s disease
Suprapubic pain with difficulty passing urine. Long term smoker. Dx?
Acute urinary retention secondary to bladder cancer
What will an USS of renal system show in urinary retention? Why?
Bilateral hydronephrosis due to back pressure build up of fluid into kidneys
What is a good marker of diabetic nephropathy worsening into renal failure?
Microalbuminaemia
What is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children?
Minimal change disease
What is the underlying pathology of minimal change disease?
Fusion of podocyte foot processes
