Genetics Flashcards
Genetics
Study of heredity
Genome
the sum total of genetic material in DNA
Genome of cells
DNA
Genome of viruses
DNA or RNA, never both
Location of DNA in EU
Mitochondria and chloroplast
Chromosomes
Location of DNA in prokaryotic cells
Plasmids
Genes
the fundamental unit of hereditary responsible for a given trait
Genotype
The genetic makeup found on chromosome
Phenotype
the observable traits of genotype
Phenotype
the observable traits of genotype
The basic unit of DNA structure
Nucleotide
Nitrogenous base
adenine(A), guanine(G), thymine(T), cytosine(C)
Nitrogenous base pairing
A+T G+C
The composition of DNA structure
5 carbon deoxyribose sugar
3 phosphate
nitrogenous base
Helicase
Unzipping the DNA helix
Primase
Synthesizing an RNA primer
DNA polymerase 3
Adding bases to new DNA chain, looking for mistakes
DNA polymerase 1
Removing RNA primers, replacing gaps between Okazaki fragments with correct nucleotides, replace mismatched bases
Ligase
final binding of nicks in DNA in synthesis and repair