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Psychiatry > Lecture 1 Affective Disorders > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Affective Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Name examples of Affective (Mood) disorders

A

Depression

Bipolar

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2
Q

When does depression become abnormal

A

No clear and convenient division

Persistence

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3
Q

What is depression

A

An unpleasant emotion in which sadness or unhappiness predominates for at least 22 weeks

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4
Q

What is agitation

A

A state of restless overactivity, aimless or ineffective

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5
Q

What is anhedonia

A

Loss of ability to derive pleasure from experience

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6
Q

What is apathy

A

Loss on interest in own surroudings

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7
Q

What is anxiety

A

An unpleasant emotion in which thoughts of apprehension or fear predominate

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8
Q

What is retardation

A

A slowing or motor responses including speeh

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9
Q

What is stupor

A

A state of extreme retardation in which consciousness is intact

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10
Q

Describe the symptoms of depression- Somatic syndrome

A 
Apathy
Anhedonia
Waking early
Worse in morning
Marked loss of appetite
Marked loss of libido
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11
Q

Mild depression includes at least how many of these symptoms

  • Loss of confidence or self esteem
  • Unreasonable feelings of guilt or self reproach or excessive guilt
  • Recurrent thoughts of death by suicide or any suicidal behaviour
  • Decreased concentration
  • Agitation or retardation
  • Sleep disturbance of any sort
  • Change in appetite
A

4

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12
Q

Moderate depression includes at least how many of these symptoms

  • Loss of confidence or self esteem
  • Unreasonable feelings of guilt or self reproach or excessive guilt
  • Recurrent thoughts of death by suicide or any suicidal behaviour
  • Decreased concentration
  • Agitation or retardation
  • Sleep disturbance of any sort
  • Change in appetite
A

6

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13
Q

Severe depression includes at least how many from these list

  • Loss of confidence or self esteem
  • Unreasonable feelings of guilt or self reproach or excessive guilt
  • Recurrent thoughts of death by suicide or any suicidal behaviour
  • Decreased concentration
  • Agitation or retardation
  • Sleep disturbance of any sort
  • Change in appetite
A

8

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14
Q

What are the differential diagnosis of depression

A 
Normal reaction to life event
SAD
Dysthymia
Cyclothymia
Bipolar
Stroke, tumour, dementia
Hypothyroidism, Addisons
Drugs
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15
Q

What is the treatment for mild depression

A

Monitoring, self help, CBT, exercise

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16
Q

What is the treatment for moderate depression

A

Anti-depressant (first line SSRI), CBT

17
Q

What is the treatment for severe depression without psychotic features

A

Anti-depressant medication plus CBT

18
Q

What is the treatment for severe depression with psychotic features

A

Anti-depressant + Antipsychotic

19
Q

If there is treatment refractory in depression what is the next step

A

Switch anti-depressant or augment with lithium/antipsychotic

20
Q

Name measurement tools for depression

A 
SCID
SCAN
HDRS
BDI-II
HADS
PHRQ-9
21
Q

What is mania

A

A psychological condition that causes a person to experience unreasonable euphoria, very intense moods, hyperactivity, and delusions

22
Q

What are the features hypomania

A

Lesser degree of mania
No psychosis
Elevation of mood, energy, sociability, talkativeness, libido
Decreased need for sleep
Normal life disrupted but ca still function

23
Q

How long can mania last

A

At least 1 week

24
Q

What are the features of mania

A 
Severe disruption to ordinary work and social activities
Elevation of mood, energy, sociability, talkativeness, libido
Decreased need for sleep
Disinhibition
Grandiosity
Alteration of senses
Extravagant spending 
Psychotic symptoms
25
Q

Wha is Bipolar Affective Disorder

A

Consist of repeated episodes of depression and mania or hypomania

26
Q

What is the treatment for Bipolar in the acute phase

A

If they are on anti-depressants stop them

Anti-psychotics (Olanzapine, Quetiapine or Risperidone) for at least 2 years

27
Q

If response to antipsychotics drugs in BP is inadequate what can be added

A

Lithium

Sodium valproate

28
Q

What is Benzodiazepines used for

A

Useful in the initial stages of treatment for behavioural disturbance or agitation (short term)

Psychiatry (16 decks)

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