Lecture 9 Symposium 2 Addictions Psychiatry

Question 1

Define Tolerance

Answer 1

Reduced responsiveness to a drug caused by previous administration

Question 2

Describe the dispositional mechanism of tolerance

Answer 2

Less drug reaches the active site

Question 3

What can cause less drug to reach the active site

Answer 3

Decreased absorption
Increased excretion
Increased rate of metabolism to inactive metabolites
Decreased rate of metabolism to active metabolites

Question 4

Describe the pharmacodynamic mechanism of tolerance

Answer 4

Site of action is less affected by the drug

Question 5

What causes the site of action to be less affected by the drug

Answer 5

Dow regulation of drug receptor

Reduced signalling down stream of receptor

Question 6

What is the acute effect of opioids

Answer 6

Constipation

Question 7

What is the withdrawal effect of opioids

Answer 7

Diarrhoea

Question 8

What is the acute affect of barbiturates

Answer 8

Anticonvulsant

Question 9

What is the withdrawal effect of barbiturates

Answer 9

Convulsions

Question 10

What is the acute effects of cocaine

Answer 10

Elevated mood

Question 11

What is the withdrawal effect of cocaine

Answer 11

Depressed mood

Question 12

When VTA neurones are stimulated what do they release

Answer 12

Dopamine

Question 13

Where do the VTA neurones project

Answer 13

Nucleus accumbens

Prefrontal cortex

Question 14

What type of drug is cocaine

Answer 14

Monoamine reuptake inhibitor

Incraeses dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline