Microbial Nutrition and Growth Flashcards
Essential Nutrients
any substance or nutrient the microbe must have
Two categories of Essential Nutrients
Macronutrients and Micronutrients
Macronutrients; Carbon, Hydrogen, O2
Needed in large quantities and play a huge role in cell structure and metabolism
Micronutrients or Trace Elements; Manganese, zinc, nickel
Needed in smaller quantities and play a role in enzyme function and maintaining protein structure
Categorize nutrients basses on the carbon content
Organic molecule
Inorganic molecule
Inorganic molecule
is an atom or simple molecule that does not have carbon and hydrogen in them
Organic molecule
contain carbon and hydrogen in them and are products of living things
Example of Organic molecule `
simplest organic molecules to large polymers
Example of Inorganic molecule
metals and their salts, gasses, and water
Nutrition for microbes
Carbon and energy
Organisms that use carbon source
Heterotroph- organic
Autotroph- C02
Organisms that use an energy source
phototroph- from the sun
chemotroph- from chemical compounds
Photoautotroph
Sun and C02
Photohetrotrophs
Sun and an organic compound
Chemoheterotroph definition
Metabolic conversion of nutrients and organic compounds
2 types of chemoautotrophs
chemoorganic autotrophs
lithoautotrophs
Chemoorganic autotrophs
use organic compounds for energy and inorganic compounds for carbon source
Lithoautotrophs
do not need the sun or organic nutrients only need inorganic material
Chemoheterotrophic microorganisms
Saprobes
parasites
Saprobes
feed on organic detritus from dead organisms
Parasites
feed from the cells or tissues of live host
Majority of microbes causing human disease
chemoheterotroph
Essential nutrients
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphate, sulfur.
CHONPS
Environmental factors that influence microbes
temperature, pH, radiation, oxygen, osmotic pressure, hydrostatic pressure
cardinal temperature define and the three ranges
range of temperature for the growth of a given microbe.
Minimum temp
Maximum temp
Optimum temp