Spinal Surgeries

Question 1

Discectomy / Decompression aims:

Answer 1

> Nerve root or spinal cord = compressed by disc prolapse/bony spurs/ stenosis
aims is to reduce symptoms (pain/weakness/altered sensation)
Often in lumbar and cervical regions
* Urgent in cauda equina symptoms

Question 2

Discectomy / Decompression procedure

Answer 2

> Discectomy - part of disc that is protruding = removed
Decompression
- removal of osteophytes
- laminectomy - removal of lamina (spine = more exposed)
- removal of thickened ligament
- foraminotomy - removal of bone from foramen
- facetectomy - removal of facet joint

*All of them involve splitting spinal muscles to gain access

Question 3

Discectomy / Decompression rehab

Answer 3

> Restricted sitting for 1-2 weeks (30mins max)
RoM + Isometric strength initially
walking = encouraged immediately
strength and mobility at around 4-6 weeks

Question 4

Spinal Fusion

Answer 4

> Elective or traumatic procedure
For: nerve root compression
: unstable spondylolisthesis (displacement of vertebrae)
: unstable fractures
: scoliosis
Rods + screws are used to fix spine in place

> Physio

• immediate focus on regaining mobility
• respiratory physio may be required