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Industrial Organizational Psychology > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

A branch of psychology that applies the principles of psychology to the workplace

A

Industrial-organizational

psychology

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2
Q

The field of study that concentrates on the selection and evaluation of employees

A

Personnel psychology

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3
Q

The field of study that investigates the behavior of employees within the context of an organization

A

Organizational

psychology

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4
Q

A field of study concentrating on the interaction between humans and machines

A

Human factors

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5
Q

An intelligence test developed during World War I and used by the army for soldiers who can read

A

Army Alpha

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6
Q

An intelligence test developed during World War I and used by the army for soldiers who cannot read

A

Army Beta

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7
Q

A series of studies, conducted at the Western Electric plant in Hawthorne, Illinois, that have come to represent any change in behavior when people react to a change in the environment

A

Hawthorne studies

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8
Q

When employees change their behavior due solely to the fact that they are receiving attention or are being observed

A

Hawthorne effect

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9
Q

A standardized admission test required by most psychology graduate schools

A

Graduate Record Exam

GRE

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10
Q

Graduate programs that offer a master’s degree but not a Ph.D.

A

Terminal master’s degree

programs

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11
Q

A situation in which a student works for an organization, either for pay or as a volunteer, to receive practical work experience

A

Internship

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12
Q

A paid or unpaid position with an organization that gives a student practical work experience

A

Practicum

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13
Q

A formal research paper required of most doctoral students in order to graduate

A

Dissertation

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14
Q

An educated prediction about the answer to a research question

A

Hypothesis

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15
Q

A systematic set of assumptions regarding the cause and nature of behavior

A

Theory

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16
Q

A written collection of articles describing the methods and results of new research

A

Journals

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17
Q

A collection of articles for those “in the biz,” about related professional topics, seldom directly reporting the methods and results of new research

A

Trade magazines

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18
Q

An unscientific collection of articles about a wide range of topics

A

Magazines

19
Q

The extent to which research results can be expected to hold true outside the specific setting in which they were obtained

A

External validity

20
Q

Like external validity, the extent to which research results hold true outside the specific setting in which they were obtained

A

Generalizability

21
Q

Research conducted in a natural setting as opposed to a laboratory

A

Field research

22
Q

The formal process by which subjects give permission to be included in a study

A

Informed consent

23
Q

A committee designated to ensure the ethical treatment of research subjects

A

Institutional review

boards

24
Q

The result of a well-controlled experiment about which the researcher can confidently state that the independent variable caused the change in the dependent variable

A

Cause-and-effect

relationships

25
Q

A type of research study in which the independent variable is manipulated by the experimenter

A

Experiment

26
Q

The alteration of a variable by an experimenter in expectation that the alteration will result in a change in the dependent variable

A

Manipulation

27
Q

The manipulated variable in an experiment

A

Independent variable

28
Q

The measure of behavior that is expected to change as a result of changes in the independent variable

A

Dependent variable

29
Q

In an experiment, the group of subjects that receives the experimental treatment of interest to the experimenter

A

Experimental group

30
Q

A group of employees who do not receive a particular type of training so that their performance can be compared with that of employees who do receive training

A

Control group

31
Q

Research method in which the experimenter either does not manipulate the independent variable or in which subjects are not randomly assigned to conditions

A

Quasi-experiments

32
Q

Research that involves the use of previously collected data

A

Archival research

33
Q

Used in meta-analysis, a statistic that indicates the amount of change caused by an experimental manipulation

A

Effect size

34
Q

Used in meta-analysis, a statistic that is the average of the effect sizes for all studies included in the analysis

A

Mean effect size

35
Q

A statistic, resulting from performing a correlation, that indicates the magnitude and direction of a relationship

A

Correlation coefficients

36
Q

A type of effect size used in meta-analysis that is signified by the letter d and indicates how many standard deviations separate the mean score for the experimental group from the control group

A

Difference score

37
Q

The extent to which the results of a study have actual impact on human behavior

A

Practical significance

38
Q

A sample in which every member of the relevant population had an equal chance of being chosen to participate in the study

A

Random sample

39
Q

A nonrandom research sample that is used because it is easily available

A

Convenience sample

40
Q

The random, unbiased assignment of subjects in a research sample to the various experimental and control conditions

A

Random assignment

41
Q

Informing the subject in an experiment about the purpose of the study in which he or she was a participant and providing any other relevant information

A

Debriefed

42
Q

A statistical procedure used to measure the relationship between two variables

A

Correlation

43
Q

A third variable that can often explain the relationship between two other variables

A

Intervening variable

Industrial Organizational Psychology (15 decks)

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