Behavioural Modification for CV and Respiratory Health Flashcards

1
Q

Components of health promotion

A

Information, beliefs, motivation, skills, plans, opportunities, health, feedback and support, environmental context

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2
Q

Facilitating Healthier choices

A

Smacks: eliminate choice (smoking bans)
Shoves: restrict choice (sugar tax)
Nudges: guide and enable healthier choices (make healthy choices more visible)

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3
Q

Individual Cognitive Factors

A

Contemplation and planning: develop skills for initiation, work out perceived and actual barriers, attitudes
Action and maintenance: cues to action (reasons), monitoring progress, managing relapse
Interventions: one to one, group, pharmacotherapy

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4
Q

Psychosocial impact and secondary prevention in CVD

A

Depression, anxiety and PTSD more likely in those diagnosed with CVD
Psychosocial distress more likely among those who perceive more serious consequences of CVD, don’t understand their condition, have a stronger initial emotional response
These people have to find to limits and goals in a different lifestyle

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5
Q

Psychosocial interventions can alleviate distress

A

Lead to better outcomes
Resilience and adaptive responses to stressful situations - secondary prevention to CVD
Group intervention focused on knowledge, skills, stress management, counteracting anxiety/depression, relaxation techniques and improving social relations/support
Reduced likelihood of premature death by 1/3

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6
Q

Lifestyle and behavioural impact of CVD

A

Cardiac rehab is cost effective, but half drop out of rehab programmes - rehab involves health promotion, behaviour change, stress management, psychotherapy, support groups
Lifestyle changes are often not sustained long term
65% change to healthier diet
1/2 of these maintain changes after a year
60% smokers quit, 1/2 maintain for more than a year
Relapse is common - manage triggers/temptations and plan alternative response

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7
Q

SMART goals

A
To be ready to change a person must believe that their current behaviour is bad and they will be better off if they try to change, and they have a good chance of succeeding
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Relevant/Realistic
Time-limited
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8
Q

Facilitating self-monitoring and behaviour change in asthma

A

Patient centred interventions - monitor lung function and triggers, develop action plans, modify unhelpful illness beliefs -> less hospitalisation and less absenteeism
Interventions delivered in various ways - eg testing useful for those who don’t engage face to face, effective and cost effective, can address illness perceptions and treatment perceptions to boost medication adherence

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