Behavioural Modification for CV and Respiratory Health Flashcards
Components of health promotion
Information, beliefs, motivation, skills, plans, opportunities, health, feedback and support, environmental context
Facilitating Healthier choices
Smacks: eliminate choice (smoking bans)
Shoves: restrict choice (sugar tax)
Nudges: guide and enable healthier choices (make healthy choices more visible)
Individual Cognitive Factors
Contemplation and planning: develop skills for initiation, work out perceived and actual barriers, attitudes
Action and maintenance: cues to action (reasons), monitoring progress, managing relapse
Interventions: one to one, group, pharmacotherapy
Psychosocial impact and secondary prevention in CVD
Depression, anxiety and PTSD more likely in those diagnosed with CVD
Psychosocial distress more likely among those who perceive more serious consequences of CVD, don’t understand their condition, have a stronger initial emotional response
These people have to find to limits and goals in a different lifestyle
Psychosocial interventions can alleviate distress
Lead to better outcomes
Resilience and adaptive responses to stressful situations - secondary prevention to CVD
Group intervention focused on knowledge, skills, stress management, counteracting anxiety/depression, relaxation techniques and improving social relations/support
Reduced likelihood of premature death by 1/3
Lifestyle and behavioural impact of CVD
Cardiac rehab is cost effective, but half drop out of rehab programmes - rehab involves health promotion, behaviour change, stress management, psychotherapy, support groups
Lifestyle changes are often not sustained long term
65% change to healthier diet
1/2 of these maintain changes after a year
60% smokers quit, 1/2 maintain for more than a year
Relapse is common - manage triggers/temptations and plan alternative response
SMART goals
To be ready to change a person must believe that their current behaviour is bad and they will be better off if they try to change, and they have a good chance of succeeding Specific Measurable Achievable Relevant/Realistic Time-limited
Facilitating self-monitoring and behaviour change in asthma
Patient centred interventions - monitor lung function and triggers, develop action plans, modify unhelpful illness beliefs -> less hospitalisation and less absenteeism
Interventions delivered in various ways - eg testing useful for those who don’t engage face to face, effective and cost effective, can address illness perceptions and treatment perceptions to boost medication adherence