Expansion in Africa - Economy/Trade Flashcards
1
Q
Egypt
A
- Egyptian cotton sought when US Civil War began in 1861
- By 1870, 40% of Egypt’s imports coming from Britain; market
- Britain owned shares in Suez Canal to protect this economic asset
2
Q
West Africa (Goldie)
A
Goldie exported palm oil, palm kernels, coffee and cocoa via Central African Trading Company
3
Q
West Africa (Nigeria)
A
- Royal Niger Company chartered 1886 to trade and govern
- 1899 alone 1.35m gallons of gin exported to Nigeria to trade for palm oil which went into everything from soap to chocolate; market and exploitation for natural resources
4
Q
East Africa (Mackinnon and Grey)
A
- Mackinnon and Grey saw economic potential of previously unexploited natural resources
5
Q
East Africa (charter)
A
- Once British got charter 1888, white settlers went and exploited material resources e.g. sugar, tea, wheat, coffee plantations
6
Q
East Africa (railway)
A
- Lunatic Line built 1896-1901 after Uganda Railway Act 1896
- Mombasa on coast to Lake Victoria
- Bring British goods into interior of EA and raw materials to coast
7
Q
Southern Africa (Rhodes)
A
- Rhodes expanded beyond Cape Colony (into Bechuanaland) in search of mineral wealth
- Had a manopoly in Kimberly diamond mines after 1891
8
Q
Southern Africa (gold and diamonds)
A
- 1871: discovery of diamonds in Griqualand West
- 1884: discovery of gold at Witwatersrand
- 1886: discovery of gold in Transvaal increased British interest in occupying Transvaal (i.e. 2nd Boer War)
- Once producing, Rand’s mine producing 1/4 of the world’s gold supply; 2/3 of mines’ stock held by British nationals
9
Q
Southern Africa (Transvaal)
A
By 1896, Transvaal richest government in Africa
10
Q
What did Leeds Mercury predict?
A
February 1885 predicted Africa would be a ‘vast market’
11
Q
How much did the British spend on the 2nd Boer War?
A
£200m
12
Q
How much did the Lunatic Line cost to build?
A
£534m
13
Q
How much did Bechuanaland cost to administrate?
A
£500k
