A&P 1 Unit 7 (Lab) [Intro to the Skeletal System] Flashcards

Question

Trabeculae

Answer 1

Structure: * Coveredf by endosteum (With osteoblasts, osteoclasts) * Internal lamellae with osteocytes inside lacunae * Spaces between trabeculae are filled with red and yellow marrow

Answer 2

Blood Cell Production

Answer 3

Adipose Tissue

Answer 4

Have thin roughly paralellel surfaces. Flat bones form the roof of the skull, the sternum, the ribs, and the scapulae. They provide protection for underlying soft tissues and offer an extensive surface area for the attachment of skeletal muscles.

Answer 5

Or Wormian Bones, are small, flat, irregularly shaped bones between the flat bones of the skull, There are indivdual variations in the number, shape, and position of sutural bones. Their borders are like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle, and they range in size from a grain of sand to a quarter.

Answer 6

Are relatively long and slender. They are located in the arm and forearm, thigh and leg, palms, soles, fingers, and toes. The femur, the long bone of the thigh, is the largest and heaviest bone in the body.

Answer 7

Have complex shapes with short, flat, notched, or ridged surfaces. The spinal vertebrae, the bones of the pelvis, and several skull bones are irregular bones.

Answer 8

Are generally small, flat, and shaped somewhat like a sesame seed. They develope inside tendons and are most commonly located near joints at the knees, hands, and feet. Everyone has sesamoid patellae, or kneecaps, but indivdual s vary in the location and abundance of othe sesamoid bones. This variation, among others, account for disparities in the total number of bones in the skeleton. (can form in at least 26 locations)

Answer 9

Small and boxy. Examples od short bones include bones in the wrists (carpal bones) and in the ankles (tarsal bones).

Answer 10

The inorganic component of bone is the \*mineral\* component - a form of Calcium Phosphate called hydroxyapatite.

Answer 11

The organic component of bone is the cells and extracellular matrix (e.g. collagen).

Answer 12

a group of naturally occurring proteins found in animals, especially in the flesh and connective tissues of vertebrates.[1] It is the main component of connective tissue, and is the most abundant protein in mammals,[2] making up about 25% to 35% of the whole-body protein content. Collagen, in the form of elongated fibrils, is mostly found in fibrous tissues such as tendons, ligaments and skin, and is also abundant in corneas, cartilage, bones, blood vessels, the gut, and intervertebral discs. The fibroblast is the most common cell which creates collagen.

Answer 13

a naturally occurring mineral form of calcium apatite with the formula Ca5(PO4)3(OH), but is usually written Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 to denote that the crystal unit cell comprises two entities. Hydroxylapatite is the hydroxyl endmember of the complex apatite group. The OH- ion can be replaced by fluoride, chloride or carbonate, producing fluorapatite or chlorapatite. It crystallizes in the hexagonal crystal system. Pure hydroxylapatite powder is white. Naturally occurring apatites can, however, also have brown, yellow, or green colorations, comparable to the discolorations of dental fluorosis.