A Past Revisited Flashcards
“The Filipino resistance to colonial oppression is the ________ ________ of Philippine history.”
unifying thread
Philippines was liberated four times
- Spain from “enslavement of the devil” through Catholicism
- Americans from Spanish oppression
- Japanese from American imperialism
- Americans from Japanese fascism
The Reconquista was a centuries-long series of battles by Christian states to expel the ________, who from the 8th century ruled most of the ________ __________
Moors; Iberian Peninsula
Marriage that started Spanish Monarchy (Reconquista)
Marriage of Isabelle of Castile & Ferdinand of Aragon
the typical document of agreement between the Spanish monarch and the conquistadores
Capitulacion
Rewards for Conquistador
- positions
- spoils of conquests
- grants of land
- ennoblement
Muslims of the south had the most developed social organization
Sultanate of Sulu & Mindanao
conscripted Christianized natives vs Islamized natives
A Legacy of Alienation by Spain
added economic dimension when Christian settlers began to encroach on Muslim Ancestral lands
Divide and Conquer of America
Barangay:
people lived in coastal areas or riverine
Boat
Barangay:
main source of protein & they travelled by water
Fish
Barangay:
can range from ____ to ______ inhabitants
100 to 2,000
Estimated population of pre-Spanish settlements is at _______ in the lowlands. If free inhabitants in the uplands & unsubjugated Muslims were to be included, then it is still be less than a million.
750,000
_______ ______ being more accessible to traders allowed more development due to contacts with Chinese, Arabian, & Indian civilizations.
Coastal areas
Light material houses due to shifting cultivation →
wet-rice cultivation was more popular in the lowland & promoted permanent settlement
Barangay are city-like states:
- a clearly defined territory
- a large aggregate of people
- a government
- a sovereignty
- a common heritage
Social stratification was present but there was
Social Mobility
Social stratification is not an economic indicator nor a power distribution, it is merely a
division of labor
Perishable but precious goods → lending → “?” since food items are the ones being borrowed
“utang na loob”
land is the primary source of wealth, principal means of production
Agricultural Society
Absence of private property in land =
everyone participated in the community ownership of the soil & the instruments of production
Transition societies:
communal state to ______ ______
communal state to class society
it is not a land grant but only an ADMINISTRATIVE unit
Encomienda System
3 Tasks of the Encomiendero
- Welfare of the people by maintaining peace & order
- Education/Christianization (Catechism)
- Defense of the colony
