A) T-tests Flashcards
in what situation can the T-Test be used (2)
- our dependent variable is continuous (interval/ratio)
- our independent variable is categorical (two distinct experimental conditions)
we want to know if this DV differs between two experimental condiions
why is the t test a type of null hypothesis significance testing
it asks what the probability of the observed data is (eg the differences between out conditions) given that the null hypothesis is true
null hypothesis
there is no differences between experimental conditions
alternative hypothesis
there will be a difference between the experimental conditions
when do we use a t-test
when we have collected data in two experimental conditions and we want to understand whether the means of those conditions differ a little or a lot
what do we do in t-tests
- look at mean difference and compare it to the difference we would expect in the population if the null hypothesis is true
standard deviation meaning
the average distance between data points and the mean
what is a t test
parametric statistical test that compares two groups
- used to test whether two means differ. is there a difference between experimental conditions
central tendency
- considers how much variability is in the data (standard deviation)
dispersion
what type of t test will be used in the experimental design: matched pairs and repeated measures
paired samples t test
what type of t test will be used in the experimental design: independent groups
independent samples t test
what type of t test will be used in the experimental design: one sample
one samples t test
paired samples t test
to compare mean scores from two conditions within the same participants or matched sets of participants
independent samples t test
to compare scores of two groups eg two independent sets of participants
one sample t test
to compare the mean of a single sample to a comparison or test value
