A Transport System

Question 1

Why do most living things need a transport System?

Answer 1

Their bodies are too large for materials to simply diffuse in and out.

Question 2

How are small organisms adapted to carry things around their body by diffusion?

Answer 2

They have a large surface area to volume ratio and a short diffusion pathway. So it is easy for materials to diffuse in and out.

Question 3

What is the human transport system and what does it consist of?

Answer 3

The circulatory system consisting of the blood. It brings food SJC oxygen to our cells and removes carbon dioxide and waste chemicals.

Question 4

Plants have a transport system too. They have lots of _____ tubes inside them. These carry _____ up and down the stem and all around the plant.

Answer 4

Thin

Liquids

Question 5

What do xylem do?

Answer 5

Carry water and mineral salts

Question 6

What are is the job of the roots?

Answer 6

Roots take in water and dissolved salts. These pass up the stem in the xylem to the leaves.

Question 7

What do phloem do?

Answer 7

Carry dissolved food like sugars and amino acids which are made in the leaves by photosynthesis. They carry food to every part of the plant.

Question 8

Phloem also carry ____ around the plant.

Answer 8

Hormones

Question 9

What are these hormones essential for?

Answer 9

They help control cell division for growth of stem,roots and leaves. Hormones also control the growth of flowers and fruits.

Question 10

Sugar moves down to the growing _____ or up to the growing _____ by the phloem.

Answer 10

Root

Bud

Question 11

Root hairs - root

Answer 11

Take in after and mineral salts

Question 12

Phloem - root

Answer 12

Brings food from the leaves which is used to make new cells at the root tip.

Question 13

Root cap - root

Answer 13

Protects the root tip as it grows through the soil.

Question 14

Cortex -root

Answer 14

Stores some food as starch.

Question 15

Xylem-root

Answer 15

Carried water and minerals up the stem

Question 16

Root tip -root

Answer 16

Grows as the cells divide

Question 17

Cambium- stem

Answer 17

Cells make new xylem and new phloem as the plant grows

Question 18

Epidermis - stem

Answer 18

Is a single layer of cells on the outside of the stem which protects the stem and cuts down water loss

Question 19

Vascular bundle-stem

Answer 19

Made up of phloem, cambium and xylem

Question 20

Pith-stem

Answer 20

A tissue in the stems of vascular plants

Question 21

What two functions do the roots have?

Answer 21

Anchor the plant in the soil and take up water and mineral salts.

Question 22

______ passes into the root hairs by osmosis.

Answer 22

Water

Question 23

How does the osmosis with the stem occur?(6)

Answer 23

• The water in the soil has a weak solution of salts.
• The cell sap in the root hair cell has a stronger solution.
• Water passes from the root hair cell into cell A by osmosis
• This continues across the whole of the root cortex
• Water eventually reaches the xylem
• Water is then carried up the xylem to the leaves

Question 24

What adaption do root hairs have?

Answer 24

They are long and thin. They also have a large surface area through which water and mineral salts can enter.