a3) rebellions, pretenders & plots Flashcards
(20 cards)
what plot occurred in 1586?
Viscount Lovell and the Staffords
relatively minor rising
what happened in viscount lovell & the staffords rebellion?
- the lords had taken sanctuary from henru at Colchester but emerged in 1486 to gather troops against him
- lovell raised forces in the north riding of yorkshire and Stafford raised forces in the west midlands, area of y supp
- henry travelled north in april 1486 on a royal progress and the three lords broke sanctuary to fight him
- henry had heard about the plot but continued his progress anyway, ordering his forces to attack Lovell and the Staffords
- the rebels were given a choice: to fight and be killed or to do nothing and be pardoned
- Lovell managed to escape the king’s forces & flee to Flanders (later involved w Lambert Simnel)
- Thomas Stafford pardoned
- Humphrey Stafford captured & executed
what were the aims of viscount lovell and the staffords?
to overthrow Henry VII and replace him with a Yorkist claimant
who led the 1586 plot?
- francis, viscount lovell; had prosporedas a key supporter of R3
- humphrey and thomas stafford
was the 1586 plot a success or failure?
- there was little enthusiasm for a yorkist rebellion in thier heartlands and the rising was easily supressed
- henry’s policy of ‘calculated mercy’ (severity towards the ringleaders and mercy towards the rank) proved successful
- the Royal Progress made people loyal to him
what rebellion occurred in 1487?
- lambert simnel & rebellion of earl of lincoln
what happened in the 1487 plot?
- simnel pretended to be earl of warwick, crowned in ireland as king
- plot developed by e of lincoln, another claimant
- h responded by exhibiting the real EoW
- so lincoln fled to MoB’s court & he and lovell persuaded her to supp false claim & send mercenaries- sent 2,000
- h had plenty of notice so time to prepare; he reinstated the untrustworthy earl of northumberland, who’c led forces for R3 at BoB, to power in the n- helped neutralise r3’s old power base ensured the trad y howard fam would not join rebs- northumberland one of their descendants
- increased defences in east anglia
- rebels landed on northwest coast and crossed the Penninnes to try rouse supp in n riding of yorkshire; but the gentry here reluctant to commit completely to the cause, waiting to see who’ll win
- rebels had 8,000 troops compared to henry’s 12,000 they met at Battle of Stoke; henry won
- simnel was captured & offered a job in the royal kitchens
who was involved in the 1487 plot?
Lambert Simnel (impersonated Earl of Warwick)
John de la Pole (Earl of Lincoln)- related to R3, claimed he’d named him heir
Richard Symonds (a priest and Simnel’s teacher who convinced him to impersonate Richard Duke of York and then EoW)
was the lambert simnel/ earl of lincoln plot a success or failure?
- they never got the amount of support they needed in england
- h showed his ability to be merciful- gave simnel job in royal kitchens
what was the battle of stoke field?
- 1487
- h gathered group of advisors, incl relatives of ys who’d been victims of R3’s
- met at east stoke
- h nervous- remembered how R3’d been double crossed at BoB & feared same may happen to him
- but his army was led effectively & won; EoL killed
- real end to WoRs
- has used his skill/ intellect to deal w the prob
- used calculated mercy & mild in treatment of those who’d rebelled, imposed bonds of good behaviour (that would not need to be paid back if the person provided loyal service)
who was perkin warbeck?
- persistant threat to h for 8 years; managed to gather foreign supp
- a cloth trader from Tournai in Flanders
- pretended to be Richard Duke of York (who Simnel had pretended to be shortly before changing to EoW)
where did PW first begin to impersonate duke of york?
- in ireland in 1491
- gained supp from c8 in france for a while but was expelled after Fr signed ToEtaples in 1492
where was PW trained as a yorkist prince?
- MoB’s court; began to draw english courtiers into his conspiracies
when did perkin warbeck first invade england?
- 1495
- turned into chaos for him- h had been informed of the plan by his agent Robert Clifford, who’d infiltrated PW’s retinue
- warbeck forecd to flee to J4’s court in scotland
- v costly for h as SWS had been an accomplice; h at his most vulnerable at the place where he should’ve been most secure
how did perkin warbeck use scotland to his advantage?
- 1496, small scottish force invaded on his behalf but quickly retreated
- he was sidelined as j4 agreed to marriage alliace w eng w margaret
- 1497, pw made final attempt to exploit uncertainties created through the cornish rebellion, but his forces were crushed and he eventually surrendered
how did henry vii treat warbeck after defeating his forces in 1497?
- gave him a place at court
- but imprisoned him to th etower after he tried to abscond
- executed for treason after allegedly trying to escape w EoW, who was killed too, conveniantly in 1499
(EoW was only 10 at BoB 1485)
who was involved in the final threat to dynastic security?
- edmund de la pole, and richard de le pole, ‘the white rose’
- younger brothers of john de la pole, earl of lincoln
where had suffolk fled previously?
- to flanders in 1498
- persuaded to return after short time in exile, but fled to Maximillian’s court in 1501
- for as long as MoB was opposed to H, he was safe
how did the treaty of windsor effect earl of suffolk?
- (edmund de la pole)
- relations between h & Maximillain were restored- max agreed to give up suffolk, who was then imprisoned in ToL
- took no further action agsint him, but h8 had him executed for treason in 1513
- this left edmund de la pole at large during time in exile, but he was killed fighting for french forces at BoPavia in 1525.
anyone related to edmund was imprisoned (including tyrell, a guard who confessed to murdering the two boys in the tower)
what factors helped h7 deal w plots?
- use of spies
- insitution of a personal bodyguard
- attempts to override local power by means of his own servants
