AB PSY

Question 1

The criterion that a particular behavior be atypical or not culturally expected is insufficient to define abnormality because

Answer 1

many people behave in ways that deviate from the average, but this doesn’t mean that they have a disorder.

Question 2

A psychological dysfunction refers to

Answer 2

a breakdown in behavioral functioning.

Question 3

Behaviors that deviate from the norm are

Answer 3

typically seen as a disorder when they impair function.

Question 4

A male college student begins feeling sad and lonely. Although still able to go to classes and work at his job, he finds himself feeling down much of the time and worrying about what is happening to him. Which part of the definition of abnormality applies to his situation?

Answer 4

Personal distress

Question 5

The typical profile or prototype of a disorder reflects the ___________ as described in DSM-IV.

Answer 5

diagnostic criteria for psychological disorders

Question 6

Rocky Starr is a rocker who wears outlandish female makeup and women’s clothing when performing on stage. This behavior is considered

Answer 6

less abnormal than that of the business man because it contributes to his job success

Question 7

The scientific study of psychological disorders is called __________.

Answer 7

psychopathology

Question 8

After college graduation, two of your friends are interested in careers in the helping professions. Anna wants to become a psychiatrist; Carl plans on becoming a psychologist. Since you are taking a course in Abnormal Psychology, they ask you for career advice. You would tell

Answer 8

Anna to apply to medical school and Carl to study psychology at the graduate level.

Question 9

Dr. Okalemi Watabe is a mental health practioner. All of the following are ways in which she might function as a scientist-practitioner EXCEPT

Answer 9

analyzing her own motivations and reasons for helping people with psychological problems.

Question 10

Referring to behavior and personality as polygenic means that both are

Answer 10

influenced by many genes, with each individual gene contributing a relatively small effect.

Question 11

According to recent estimates, genetic contributions to the development of most psychological disorders are __________________.

Answer 11

below 50%

Question 12

John has inherited a personality trait that makes him more likely to keep to himself than to socialize. As a result, he does not have many friends and spends a lot of time alone. If John were to develop depression, the model that would probably best explain this situation and the cause of his depression is ______________.

Answer 12

reciprocal gene-environment

Question 13

Some of the most recent research studies regarding genetic vs. environmental causes of disorders in animals and humans have suggested

Answer 13

genetic influences may have been overstated by previous studies, i.e., without sufficient environmental stress, the genetic predisposition may never be activated.

Question 14

Recent research suggests that

Answer 14

all of these

Question 15

The central nervous system is made up of the _______________.

Answer 15

brain and spinal cord

Question 16

The brain and the spinal cord comprise the

Answer 16

central nervous system

Question 17

The area between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron is the ________.

Answer 17

synaptic cleft

Question 18

GABA, dopamine, and norepinephrine are all examples of __________.

Answer 18

neurotransmitters

Question 19

The network of glands that release chemical messengers directly into the bloodstream is called the ________.

Answer 19

endocrine system.

Question 20

The neurotransmitter associated with both schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease is _________.

Answer 20

dopamine

Question 21

Recent research suggests that learning and experience

Answer 21

change the brain at any age.

Question 22

A measurement which is consistent is considered to be _____________.

Answer 22

reliable

Question 23

If the short version of a test yields the same results as a longer version, then you could conclude that the brief version had _________ validity.

Answer 23

concurrent

Question 24

Clifton had been experiencing a number of psychological issues, so he decided to go to a psychiatrist to see what was wrong. Dr. A told him he had major depressive disorder. He decided to seek a second opinion. Dr. B diagnosed him with generalized anxiety disorder. Wanting yet another opinion, he went to Dr. C who told him he was obsessive-compulsive. This demonstrate poor _______________

Answer 24

descriptive validity

Question 25

Treminitia, who had recurrent headaches, fatigue, and loss of appetite, received different diagnoses from several psychologists. In terms of assessment, this indicates a problem with _______.

Answer 25

reliability