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Question 1

It is the structure in the provinces of the mind that must somehow balance the demands of desire, reality, and morality.

Answer 1

Ego

Question 2

According to this theory, “A personality can never be isolated from the complex of interpersonal relations in which the person lives and has his being.”

Answer 2

Interpersonal Theory

Question 3

This theory extended Freud’s infantile development; at each stage a specific psychosocial struggle contributes to the formation of personality

Answer 3

Post-Freudian Theory

Question 4

According to the Humanistic Psychoanalysis Theory, it is the urge to rise above a passive and accidental existence and into “the realm of purposefulness and freedom.”

Answer 4

Transcendence

Question 5

Adler defined this as an attitude of relatedness with humanity in general as well as an empathy for each member of the human community.

Answer 5

Social Interest

Question 6

It is the level of the psyche in Carl Jung’s theory that is the universal memory and history. It has its roots in the ancestral past of the entire species.

Answer 6

Collective Unconscious

Question 7

It is a position where the feelings of anxiety over losing a loved object coupled with a sense of guilt for wanting to destroy that object.

Answer 7

Depressive Position

Question 8

These are the 10 categories of needs that Horney identified that characterize neurotics in their attempts to combat basic anxiety.

Answer 8

Neurotic Needs

Question 9

The collective name for the eight stages of development according to Erik Erikson.

Answer 9

Psychosocial Development

Question 10

According to Adler, these are the actions of people who are motivated by highly developed social interest.

Answer 10

Striving for Success

Question 11

According to the Psychoanalytic Theory, these refers to the forces that motivate people.

Answer 11

Dynamics of Personality

Question 12

Gemer was allowed by his coach to eat only 2,000 Kcal per day; however, he has a party to attend where the food is in buffet. He knows that he might eat more than his allowed calories, but still goes to the party. He will just eat less the next day to compensate with the excess calories that he ate. In this case, Gemer is ruled by this province of the mind,

Answer 12

Ego

Question 13

According to the Psychoanalytic Theory, this is the only province of the mind that feels anxiety.

Answer 13

Ego

Question 14

A person who suffers from chronic shame or feelings of guilt over not living up to “proper” standards, even though such standards might not be attainable, is experiencing this kind of anxiety.

Answer 14

Moral Anxiety

Question 15

A person wanted to pursue fashion design, but finds out later on that she does not have the skills for that. However, because she is good in cooking, she focused on training her skills there to become a famous chef. What is the defense mechanism that this person used?

Answer 15

Compensation

Question 16

After Lucy’s parents bitter divorce, she refuse to sleep alone in her room and crawling into bed with her mother. What is the defense mechanism that Lucy used?

Answer 16

Regression

Question 17

In stage of the Psychosexual Development, no fixations occur as the child’s energy are focused on peer activities and personal mastery of learning and physical skills.

Answer 17

Latency

Question 18

According to the Interpersonal Theory, these are typical behavior patterns that characterize a person throughout a lifetime.

Answer 18

Dynamisms

Question 19

These are unrealistic traits or imaginary friends that many children invent in order to protect their self-esteem.

Answer 19

Eidetic Personifications

Question 20

According to the Post-Freudian Theory, it is the image we have of ourselves in the variety of social roles we play.

Answer 20

Ego identity

Question 21

This grows out of basic trust; and if basic trust has been established in infancy, then children learn to have faith in themselves, and their world remains intact while they experience a mild psychosocial crisis.

Answer 21

Autonomy

Question 22

At the end of life, the dystonic quality of ________ may prevail, but for people with a strong ego identity who have learned intimacy and who have taken care of both people and things, the syntonic quality of integrity will predominate.

Answer 22

Despair

Question 23

According to the Humanistic Psychoanalysis Theory, the single productive orientation has three dimensions, except:

Answer 23

Empathic

Question 24

This is a character orientation where the person seeks to save that which they have already obtained. They hold everything inside and do not let go of anything. They keep money, feelings, and thoughts to themselves.

Answer 24

Hoarding

Question 25

A student studies hard to finish his/her degree in medicine to become a doctor and help people). This case is an example of:

Answer 25

Striving for Success

Question 26

It contains all those attributes, usually positive, that people aspire to possess.

Answer 26

Ideal Self

Question 27

Existentialists adopt this approach in understanding humanity

Answer 27

Phenomenological

Question 28

This includes all those aspects of one’s being and one’s experiences that are perceived in awareness (though not always accurately) by the individual.

Answer 28

Self Concept

Question 29

If a pianist who has full confidence in his piano-playing ability is told by a friend that his playing is excellent, he may hear these words, accurately symbolize them, and freely admit them to his self-concept. In this case, the pianist is in this level of awareness:

Answer 29

Accurately Symbolized

Question 30

If the gifted pianist were to be told by a distrusted competitor that his playing was excellent, he might react very differently than he did when he heard the same words from a trusted friend. In this case, the pianist is in this level of awareness:

Answer 30

Distorted

Question 31

It is defined as the experience of prizing or valuing one’s self.

Answer 31

Positive Self-Regard

Question 32

It arises when the positive regard of a significant other is conditional, when the individual feels that in some respects he [or she] is prized and in others not.

Answer 32

Conditions of Worth

Question 33

Less conspicuous but far greater in number than central dispositions

Answer 33

Secondary Dispositions

Question 34

These are the characteristics that could be listed in an accurate letter of recommendation written by someone who knew the person quite well.

Answer 34

Central Dispositions

Question 35

These are eminent characteristic or ruling passion that are so outstanding that it dominates people’s lives.

Answer 35

Cardinal Dispositions

Question 36

High scores on this domain may indicate imaginative, creative, original, prefers variety, curious, liberal and question traditional.

Answer 36

Openness

Question 37

The three core components of the Five-Factor Theory are, except:

Answer 37

External Influence

Question 38

This refers to people’s belief that they are capable of performing those behaviors that can produce desired outcomes in a particular situation.

Answer 38

Self Efficacy

Question 39

It is a procedure in which the experimenter or the environment first rewards gross approximations of the behavior, then closer approximations, and finally the desired behavior itself.

Answer 39

Shaping

Question 40

Increasing a behavior by administering a reward

Answer 40

Positive Reinforcement

Question 41

Reinforcement is presented after a fixed amount of time.

Answer 41

Fixed Interval

Question 42

Reinforcement presented after a fixed number of responses

Answer 42

Fixed Ratio

Question 43

Is the tendency of a previously acquired response to become progressively weakened upon non-reinforcement

Answer 43

Extinction

Question 44

These are tensions brought on by biological imbalance between a person and the physiochemical environment, both inside and outside the organism.

Answer 44

Needs

Question 45

A child is conditioned to say “please” in order to receive candy. If “candy” and “please” occur together a number of times, the child may eventually reach the illogical conclusion that her supplications caused the candy’s appearance. This case is a sample of how perceiving, imagining, and conceiving happens in this level of cognition:

Answer 45

Parataxic Level

Question 46

The behavior potential in any situation is a function of both expectancy and __________.

Answer 46

Reinforcement Value

Question 47

Refers to a person’s expectation that some specific reinforcement or set of reinforcements will occur in a given situation. The probability is not determined by the individual’s history of reinforcements, as Skinner contended, but is subjectively held by the person.

Answer 47

Expectancy

Question 48

It is a function of both one’s generalized expectancy and one’s specific expectancy. It partially determines the amount of effort people will expend in pursuit of their goals.

Answer 48

Total Expectancy

Question 49

The preference a person attaches to any reinforcement when the probabilities for the occurrence of a number of different reinforcements are all equal.

Answer 49

Reinforcement Value

Question 50

Although no two events are exactly alike, we construe similar events as if they were the same. This refers to the:

Answer 50

Construction Corollary