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Animal Body 1 > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

What are the boundaries of the abdominal cavity?

A

cr - diaphragm
dor - vertebrae & hypaxial muscles
ven - xiphoid, linea alba
ca - pelvic cavity

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2
Q

List the 5 fs of abdominal enlargement.

A 
fat
feces
flatus (gas)
foetus 
fluid
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3
Q

What are the gross contents of the abdominal cavity?

A 
peritoneum/peritoneal cavity
GI tract
liver/pancreas/spleen
adrenal glands
Urinary tract
reproductive tract 
BV
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4
Q

List the types & functions of peritoneum in the abdomen.

A

parietal lines body wall

visceral covers viscera

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5
Q

What is the difference between M&F visceral peritoneum?

A

male is enclosed

female uterine tube enters into peritoneal cavity

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6
Q

What is retroperitoneal?

A

organs that don’t hang down into abdominal cavity

only have their ventral parietal peritoneum

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7
Q

Describe the location of the stomach.

A

cranial in abdomen (within rib cage)

caudal to liver

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8
Q

Draw & label a schematic of the stomach.

A

add photo

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9
Q

What are the main components of the small intestine?

A

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

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10
Q

Describe the characteristics of the duodenum.

A

dorsal R side abdomen
little mobility
3 parts: descending duodenum, caudal flexure, ascending duodenum

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11
Q

Describe the characteristics of the jejunum.

A

long & mobile
ventral abdomen
unique blood supply

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12
Q

Describe the characteristics of the ileum.

A

short
terminal SI
less mobile

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13
Q

Describe the main components of the large intestine.

A

caecum (blind end)
colon (ascending, transverse, descending )
rectum

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14
Q

Draw & label a schematic of the abdominal organs.

A

add photo

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15
Q

Describe the ileocaecolic junction.

A

.

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16
Q

List the peritoneal attachments of the stomach.

A

lesser omentum

greater omentum

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17
Q

Describe the greater omentum.

A

double walled
“lacy”
includes gastrosplenic ligament
function: lube, lymph, fat deposit

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18
Q

Where is the lesser omentum located?

A

lesser curvature of stomach -> liver

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19
Q

Draw & label a schematic of the peritoneal stomach attachments.

A

add photo

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20
Q

List the regional names of the peritoneal attachments in the small intestine.

A 
mesoduodenum
great mesentery
root of mesentery
doudenocolic fold
ileocaecal fold
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21
Q

List the regional names of the peritoneal attachments in the large intestine.

A

mesocolon

mesorectum

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22
Q

Describe the gross anatomy of the liver.

A 
largest gland 
most cranial organ in the abdomen
6 lobes (L&R lateral, L&R medial, quadrate, caudate)
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23
Q

Draw & label a schematic of the liver.

A

add photo

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24
Q

Describe the gross anatomy of the pancreas.

A 
cranial-mid abdomen
2 lobes
2 types of glands
ducts empty -> duodenum
attaches to mesoduodenum & greater omentum
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25
Describe the gross anatomy of the spleen.
L abdominal wall strap-like & variable size palpable
26
What are the functions of the spleen?
reservoir RBC deconstruction lymphocyte production removes particulate matter
27
Describe the main parts of the urinary system.
paired kidneys (R cranial to L) paired ureters single bladder
28
Describe the adrenal glands.
craniomedial pole of kidney - retroperitoneal cortex & medulla multiple functions
29
Draw & label a schematic of the urinary system.
*add photo*
30
Draw & label a schematic of the female reproductive tract
*add photo*
31
Describe the gross anatomy of the ovaries.
caudal to kidneys (R cranial to L) | attached to rib via suspensory ligament
32
Describe the gross anatomy of the uterus.
attached to ovaries via proper ligament 2 horns, merge to form cervix all suspended in broad ligament round ligament/BV embedded in peritoneum
33
List the visceral reproductive structures in dorsal -> ventral order.
descending colon/rectum uterine body/cervix bladder/urethra
34
Describe the abdominal male reproductive tract.
paired ductus deferens (through inguinal rings, suspended in genital folds) prostate gland
35
List the principles of the abdominal viscera/wall BV.
arteries from abdominal aorta: unpaired visceral paired parietal & visceral veins flow into caudal vena cava: paired parietal/visceral unpaired portal
36
What is a circulatory anastomosis?
connection between two BV | multiple BV serve same tissue (backup)
37
List the unpaired visceral arteries.
celiac artery cranial mesenteric artery caudal mesenteric artery
38
Describe the branches of the celiac artery.
hepatic - liver/stomach/pancreas splenic - spleen/stomach gastric - stomach/pancreas/omenta
39
What does the cranial mesenteric artery supply?
``` duodenum pancreas ileum jejunum caecum colon ```
40
What does the caudal mesenteric artery supply?
descending colon | rectum
41
List the anastomoses of the celiac artery.
oesophageal arteries of thoracic cavity | branches of cranial mesenteric artery
42
List the anastomoses of the cranial mesenteric artery.
branches of celiac artery | branches of caudal mesenteric artery
43
List the anastomoses of the caudal mesenteric artery.
branches of cranial mesenteric artery | cranial rectal artery
44
Draw & label a schematic of the branches of the abdominal aorta.
*add photo*
45
Describe blood supply to jejunum.
jejunal arteries from cranial mesenteric artery forms arches/arcades (veinous drainage same way)
46
List the paired parietal arteries.
``` lumbar (5 from abdominal aorta, 2 from thoracic aorta) phrenicoabdominal arteries deep circumflex iliac arteries external iliac arteries internal iliac arteries ```
47
What do the lumbar arteries supply?
vertebral canal epaxial muscles dorsal skin
48
What do the phrenicoabdominal arteries supply?
diaphragm | abdominal wall
49
What do the deep circumflex iliac arteries supply?
abdominal muscle caudal abdomen skin flank cranial thigh
50
What do the external iliac arteries supply?
hindlimb | abdominal wall
51
List the external iliac arteries.
deep femoral caudal epigastric caudal superficial epigastric
52
What do the internal iliac arteries supply?
muscles over ilium
53
Describe the paired visceral arteries.
renal (large, supply kidneys) | ovarian/testicular (supply genitalia - lie in peritoneal fold)
54
Draw & label a schematic of the caudal vena cava tributaries.
*add photo*
55
What are the main rules of the abdominal venous drainage?
eventually -> caudal vena cava no unpaired directly to caudal vena cava portal vein drains all parts of GI tract into liver paired veins close to equivalent arteries
56
Describe the liver's blood supply.
``` dual portal vein (75%) hepatic artery (25%) ```
57
Describe the portal vein.
supplied by unpaired visceral arteries | carries deoxygenated venous blood to liver
58
List in order the GI-hepatic cardiac circulation.
``` artery arterioles capillaries in tissue venules veins portal vein hepatic capillary bed hepatic veins caudal vena cava RA of heart ```
59
What are the large tributaries to portal vein?
cranial mesenteric caudal mesneteric splenic gastroduodenal
60
What does the cranial mesenteric vein drain?
caudal duodenum pancreas jejunum ileum
61
What does the caudal mesenteric vein drain?
caecum | colon
62
What does the splenic vein drain?
stomach spleen pancreas greater omentum
63
What does the gastroduodenal vein drain?
duodenum stomach pancreas greater omentum
64
List the paired parietal veins.
``` phrenicoabdominal (caudal & cranial) deep circumflex iliac external iliac internal iliac lumbar ```
65
What do the phrenicoabdominal veins drain?
diaphragm | abdominal wall
66
What do the deep circumflex veins drain?
abdominal wall
67
What do the external iliac veins drain?
hindlimb | abdominal wall
68
What do the internal iliac veins drain?
muscles over ilium rectum anal region
69
List the paired visceral veins.
hepatic renal ovarian/testicular
70
What do the hepatic veins drain?
liver -> caudal vena cava
71
What do the renal veins drain?
kidneys
72
What do the ovarian/testicular veins drain?
genitalia R -> caudal vena cava L -> L renal vein -> caudal vena cava
73
Draw & label a schematic of the ovarian/uterine blood supply.
*add photo*
74
List the blood supply to the ovaries & uterus.
``` ovarian arteries (ovaries, uterine tubes, cranial horns) uterine artery (horn & body) (they anastomose) ```
75
List the blood drainage from the ovaries & uterus.
``` ovarian vein (R -> caudal vena cava) (L -> L renal -> caudal vena cava) uterine vein (-> internal iliac) ```

Animal Body 1 (20 decks)

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