Abdomen & Pelvis 2

Question 1

What are the borders of the abdominal cavity?

Answer 1

Costal margin
Mid axillary line
Inguinal ligament

Question 2

What is the peritoneum?

Answer 2

Lining of abdominal cavity

Thin serous membrane

Question 3

What marks the boundary between abdominal and pelvic cavity?

Answer 3

Pelvic brim

Question 4

What covers the posterior surface once the abdomino-pelvic organs are removed?

Answer 4

Parietal peritoneum

Question 5

What are abdominal organs covered in?

Answer 5

Visceral peritoneum

Question 6

What is visceral peritoneum continuous with?

Answer 6

Parietal peritoneum

Question 7

Where is the stomach found?

Answer 7

Mostly above the costal margin in the upper left quadrant

Question 8

What attaches the jejunoileum to the posterior abdominal wall?

Answer 8

Jejunoileum

Question 9

What ligament attaches the stomach to the transverse colon?

Answer 9

The gastrocolic ligament

Question 10

What lobe of the liver covers the stomach?

Answer 10

Left lobe

Question 11

What is the way out and in of the stomach?

Answer 11

In: gastro-oesophageal junction
Out: pylorus

Question 12

What narrow part of the stomach leads to the pylorus?

Answer 12

Pylroric antrum

Question 13

What is the bulge of the stomach after the gastro oesophageal junction?

Answer 13

Fundus

Question 14

What is the outer layer of the stomach formed of?

Answer 14

Smooth muscle

Question 15

What is the inner layer of the stomach formed of?

Answer 15

Mucosa

Question 16

At both entrance and exit of the stomach what structure can be found?

Answer 16

Sphincter

Question 17

What extends from the greater and lesser curve of the stomach?

Answer 17

The greater and lesser omentum

Question 18

What does the lesser omentum connect?

Answer 18

Lesser curve of the stomach and underside of liver, extends to the duodenum too

Question 19

What pocket is found behind the lesser omentum?

Answer 19

Omental bursa or lesser sac

Question 20

What are the attachments of the greater omentum?

Answer 20

Greater curve of stomach
On front it attached to coils of small intestine and then hangs free
Back attached to transverse colon

Question 21

What does the stomach develop from?

Answer 21

The foregut

Question 22

What are the attachments of the foregut?

Answer 22

Dorsal mesogastrium (behind)
Ventral mesogastrium (in front)

Question 23

What develops in the ventral mesogastrium?

Answer 23

Liver

Question 24

What develops in the dorsal mesogastrium?

Answer 24

Spleen

Question 25

How is the lesser sac formed?

Answer 25

The liver expands and obliterates some of the omentum

Question 26

What 3 structures does the lesser sac lie behind?

Answer 26

Lesser omentum Stomach Gastrocolic ligament

Question 27

What are the parts of the small intestine?

Answer 27

Duodenum and jejunoileum

Question 28

What is the peritoneal attachment of the jejunoileum?

Answer 28

Mesentery

Question 29

How are the duodenum and jejunoileum visibly separated?

Answer 29

Duodeno-jejunal flexure

Question 30

What is the inner curve of the duodenum occupied by?

Answer 30

The head of the pancreas

Question 31

What 2 ducts join to the second part of the duodenum?

Answer 31

Pancreatic and bile ducts

Question 32

What part of the GI tract lies furthest back?

Answer 32

Duodenum

Question 33

What is the proximal attachment of the duodenum?

Answer 33

Distal part of lesser omentum

Question 34

What is the distal attachment of the duodenum?

Answer 34

Suspensory ligament

Question 35

What is the only entryway to the omental bursa?

Answer 35

Epiploic foramen

Question 36

What is the boundary between jejunum and ileum?

Answer 36

There isn't one

Question 37

How long is the jejunoileum?

Answer 37

6 metres

Question 38

What happens to the jejunoileum as it progresses?

Answer 38

Becomes narrower, thinner walled and less vascular

Question 39

How is the jejunoileum attached to the posterior abdominal wall?

Answer 39

By the mesentery

Question 40

What does the mesentery contain?

Answer 40

Blood vessels and nerves

Question 41

What does the inside of the jejunoileum look like?

Answer 41

Mucosa has folds that are more pronounced in the jejunum than in the ileum

Question 42

What increases surface area of the jejunoileal mucosa?

Answer 42

Villi

Question 43

How does the ileum join the large intesting?

Answer 43

Ileo-cecal valve

Question 44

What are the 5 parts of the large intestine?

Answer 44

``` Caecum Appendix Colon Rectum Anal canal ```

Question 45

What fossa does the caecum lie in?

Answer 45

Right iliac fossa

Question 46

What are the 4 sections of the colon?

Answer 46

Ascending Transverse Descending Sigmoid

Question 47

How is the colon different to the small intestine?

Answer 47

Longitudinal muscle is not continuous, it is gathered into tenia coli Mucus membrane is smooth, there are no villi

Question 48

What are the outward bunches of the colon called?

Answer 48

Haustra

Question 49

Where does the ascending colon end?

Answer 49

Right hepatic flexure

Question 50

What clings to the anterior surface of the transverse colon?

Answer 50

Greater omentum

Question 51

How is the transverse attached to the posterior abdominal wall?

Answer 51

Transverse mesocolon

Question 52

Where does the transverse colon end?

Answer 52

Splenic flexure