Abdominal Flashcards
(27 cards)
The hepatobiliary system is mostly located in the _______ quadrant of the abdomen, however, it can also be found in the _________.
RUQ; mid-epigastrum;
The appendix and terminal ileum are found in the ______.
RLQ
The LLQ is the location of the _______ and ______ colon, a common site for diverticulosis.
descending and sigmoid
The spleen, when enlarged, may be palpated in the ______.
LUQ
In patients who have had ________, abdominal adiposity may be atrophied to the point that the shape of the abdomen appears concave, or scaphoid, in appearance.
excessive weight loss
When auscultating, in general, you should hear at least _______ bowel sounds per minute
5
Instances in which there would be an absence of bowel sounds?
small bowel obstruction or inflammation (including pancreatitis or bowel perforation)
Instances in which there would be hyperactive bowel sounds?
partial small bowel obstruction or gastroenteritis
Involuntary guarding is defined as guarding that is not under the conscious control of the patient. This may indicate __________.
peritoneal irritation
__________ is defined as the patient complaining of more tenderness when the examiner’s hand is released than when it is applying pressure. This may indicate a _____.
rebound tenderness; peritoneal inflammation
A positive ________ is present if a patient experiences pain or tenderness to a point where they halt inspiration while taking a deep breath the examiner palpates the RUQ. This may indicate the presence of _________.
Murphy’s sign; cholecystitis
A normal liver span is considered _______ to ____ cm. A small liver can be seen in ______, and an enlarged liver can be seen in various states, including ______.
- 6-12cm
- small liver in cirrhosis
- enlarged liver in acute hepatitis, hepatic congestion from R sided heart failure, liver cancer, or metastatic dz to the liver
to test for ascites, have the patient roll and see if there is a change or shift of _______
dullness
What are 5 examples of peritoneal signs?
INVOLUNTARY guarding = rigidity of the abdomen rebound tenderness bed shake abdominal pain with cough palpate with one finger
Murphy’s sign is a test for _____.
cholecystitis
A classic physical exam finding in pyelonephritis is:
CVA tenderness
severe mid-epigastric pain radiating to the back is the classic presentation of _________, which is usually caused by either excessive alcohol intake or gallstones. This condition can also present with _______.
pancreatitis
can also present with N/V
____ is characterized as a burning discomfort in the epigastrum or chest associated with a sour fast e that is wose when lying down after meals.
GERD
__________ is inflammation and infection of colonic _____ (small out-pouching in colonic wall). These increase with age and are usually found in the ___. Therefore, this condition usually presents with _______ quadrant pain
Diverticulitis
______ which can be caused by GERD or from candidal infections in the immunocompromised, can present with pain from swallowing (odynophagia) and chest pain.
esophagitis
The _____ sign is indicative of a retrocecal inflamed appendix (____ pain with _________ of the hip).
psoas sign
RLQ pain with passive extension of the hip
The Rovsing’s sign (palpation of the contralateral side of the abdomen resulting in pain the ____) is a more specific but less sensitive test for _________.
RLQ
appendicitis
___________ is indicative of low motor neuron pathology
reduced deep tendon responses
high pitched hyperactive bowel sounds may signify
partial small bowel obstruction
