General/Vitals/HEENT Flashcards
(27 cards)
Q:Normal weight corresponds to a BMI between ______ and ______. Obesity is defined by a BMI over ______.
A: Normal BMI: 18.5 to 24.5; Obesity: BMI > 30.
In patients who are not acutely ill, mean normal temperature has been estimated at ______. Fever is defined as an oral temperature greater than _______.
Normal mean temperature: 36.8 degrees Celsius or 98.2 degrees Fahrenheit. Fever is defined as an oral temperature greater than 37.7 degrees Celsius or 99.9 degrees Fahrenheit.
_____________ and ____________ may present with a weak or thread pulse, whereas a bounding pulse, with wide pulse pressure, might be seen in _______________.
Hypovolemia and HypoTN may present with weak or thread pulse; bounding pulse with wide pulse pressure may be seen in hyperthyroidism.
What is a normal resp rate?
10-14 breaths per minute
Blood pressure difference between both arms should be less than __________. Higher differences raise concern for conditions such as ___________________, ____________, or ______________.
10-15 mmHg; coarctation of the aorta, aortic dissection, external compression of arterial flow.
Ensure that the blood pressure cuff size is appropriate for the patient by checking that the length of the bladder is approximately ______% of the circumference of the arm, and that the width of the bladder is approximately _____ % of arm circumference.
80%; 40%
To take a patient’s blood pressure, place the cuff approximately ______ above the antecubital fossa and listen for the _________ sounds, which are used to determine systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
1 inch; Karakoff sounds
How do the JNC-7 blood pressure categories differentiate between pre-hypertension and stage 1 hypertension?
Normal BP” < 120/180; pre-hypertension: 120-139/ 80-89; stage 1 hypertension: 140-159/90-99; stage 2 hypertension: > 160/100
To determine if a patient has orthostatic hypotension, first check BP with patient supine, then check pressure and pulse with a patient standing. Orthostasis is defined as a __________ drop in systolic BP or a _______ drop in diastolic BP within ________ minutes of standing.
20 mmHg drop in systolic BP or 10 mmHg drop in diastolic BP within 3 minutes of standing.
What is the best approx of core temp?
rectal temp
creumen ______ estimated temperature with ear gague
lowers
____ is the avoidance of light. The patient looks away or closes eyes when pen light is hind into eye.
photophobia
A/V nicking is a sign of _______
atherosclerotic changes in the retinal vasculature.
The lateral optic disc margins should be _____. _____ edges may be a sign of increased intracranial pressure.
should be clear/crisp.
If blurred, may be a sign of increased intracranial pressure.
Lymph nodes associated with cancer tend to be ____, ____, and ____. They can also be “fixed” to underlying structures or even fixed to one another (_____).
larger, harder, nontender.
matted
A classic fundoscopic finding in increased inter cranial pressure/papilledema are:
blurred lateral optic disc margins (note: blurring of the nasal margin of the optic disc may be normal.)
clear of purulent drainage from the ear, pain with the tug of the pinna, and pain with insertion of the tip into the external auditory canal are signs of _________.
otitus externa
How will acute otitis media present on physical exam?
bulging eardrum. structures of the middle ear will be obscured from purulent effusion behind the tympanic membrane. The tympanic membrane may be red.
______ lymph nodes are those that represent lymph node enlargement secondary to a regional infection. They are usually ______, _____, _____, and often _____.
regional lymph nodes
small, soft, mobile, often tender
Lymph nodes more concerning for malignancy are those that are ________, ______, _______, and _____.
large, hard, fixed, and non-tender
A thyroid bruit might be heard in some cases of ____________ secondary to __________.
hyperthyroidism secondary to graves disease
In a pneumothorax, trachea is deviated ________.
TOWARDS the affected side
In atelectasis, the trachea deviates ______.
TOWARDS the affected side
in lobar collapse, the trachea is deviated ______.
TOWARDS the affected side
