abdominal assessment Flashcards

(38 cards)

1
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing

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2
Q

hematemesis

A

blood in vomit

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3
Q

anorexia

A

loss or lack of appetite

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4
Q

odynophagia

A

pain with swallowing

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5
Q

review of systems questions

A

last menstrual period and last bowel movement, organ specific questions

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6
Q

liver and gall bladder specific ROS questions

A

jaundice, grey or mustard colored stools, heavy alcohol intake

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7
Q

spleen specific ROS questions

A

any recent impact to abdomen

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8
Q

kidneys specific ROS questions

A

flank pain

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9
Q

uterus and ovaries specific ROS questions

A

last menstrual period, change in cycle

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10
Q

stomach, pancreas, and intestines specific ROS questions

A

GI symptoms

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11
Q

bowel function questions

A

diarrhea, constipation, character, pattern, diet, routine medications

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12
Q

jaundice

A

liver and gall bladder, color of stools and urine, sclerae assessment

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13
Q

hepatitis

A

A (fecal), B (blood/body fluids), C (blood)

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14
Q

objective assessment/preparation

A

offer privacy, bend patient’s knees, order of assessment changes, examine painful areas LAST

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15
Q

what should you inspect for in the abdomen?

A

contour, symmetry, skin characteristics, umbilicus, abnormal movements

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16
Q

expected findings of INSPECTION of abdomen

A
  • flat, round, obese
  • symmetrical contour
  • even pigmentation, faintly visible vessels
  • umbilicus midline and inverted
  • faint epigastric pulsations in thin people
17
Q

unexpected findings of INSPECTION of abdomen

A

asymmetrical contour, skin discoloration, everted umbilicus, visible movements

18
Q

turner’s sign

A

bruising along the flank

19
Q

cullen’s sign

A

core bruising

20
Q

what to auscultate for on the abdomen

A

bruits and bowel sounds

21
Q

frequency of bowel sounds

A

normoactive, hypoactive, hyperactive, absence

22
Q

normoactive frequency

A

5-30 seconds apart

23
Q

hypoactive frequency

A

60 seconds apart

24
Q

hyperactive frequency

A

3 seconds apart

25
absent frequency
no sounds after 5 minutes
26
expected findings of bowel sounds
active and no bruits
27
unexpected findings of bowel sounds
hypoactive sounds, hyperactive sounds, absent bowel sounds, bruits
28
palpation of abdomen
always performed last, painful areas last
29
CVA tenderness
tapping kidneys to see if they are inflamed
30
appendicitis signs
rebound tenderness, inspiratory arrest, McBurney's point tenderness, Iliopsoas muscle test, obturator test
31
common sites of referred abdominal pain (liver, esophagus, ulcer, gallbladder, appendix, pancreas, kidney, small intestine, colon)
RUQ, behind sternum, shoulder, RUQ, RLQ, midscapular line. flank, radiating, colicky/bloating
32
how to assess for distended bladder
inspect, palpate, percuss
33
common diagnostic studies for abdomen
AST, ALT, amylase and lipase, CT scan, MRI, ultrasound, occult fecal blood test
34
red flag findings
severe abdominal pain with instant relief, bloody stools or emesis, abdominal rigidity, inability to retain fluids to replace losses, mass in abdominal wall
35
RLQ organs
appendix and ascending colon
36
RUP organs
liver and gallbladder
37
LUQ organs
stomach, spleen, and pancreas
38
LLQ organs
sigmoid colon