Abdominal Blood Supply

Question 1

Boundaries of the foregut…

Answer 1

esophagus to major duodenal papilla

Question 2

7 major organs of the foregut…

Answer 2

esophagus
stomach
proximal duodenum
liver
gallbladder
pancreas
spleen

Question 3

Boundaries of the midgut…

Answer 3

distal duodenum to distal 1/3 of transverse colon

Question 4

7 major organs of the midgut…

Answer 4

distal duodenum
jejunum
ileum
cecum
appendix
ascending colon
proximal 2/3 of transverse colon

Question 5

Boundaries of the hindgut…

Answer 5

distal 1/3 of transverse colon to anal canal above pectinate line

Question 6

4 major structures of hindgut…

Answer 6

distal 1/3 of transverse colon
descending colon
sigmoid colon
rectum

Question 7

Major blood supply of foregut…

Answer 7

celiac trunk

Question 8

Major blood supply of midgut…

Answer 8

superior mesenteric artery

Question 9

Major blood supply of hindgut…

Answer 9

inferior mesenteric artery

Question 10

The celiac trunk is located at the level of…

Answer 10

T12

Question 11

the SMA is located at the level of…

Answer 11

L1

Question 12

the IMA is located at the level of…

Answer 12

L3

Question 13

3 three major branches o the celiac trunk (clockwise)…

Answer 13

left gastric artery
splenic artery
common hepatic artery

Question 14

A major branch running superiorly off the left gastric artery…

Answer 14

esophageal branch

Question 15

The left gastric artery travels along the _______ curvature of the stomach and sits within the _______

Answer 15

lesser curvature

lesser omentum

Question 16

The splenic artery branches off the aorta and runs within the ________ along the border of the _________

Answer 16

splenorenal ligament

superior border of pancreas

Question 17

The posterior gastric branch is a branch of the _______

Answer 17

splenic artery

Question 18

What supplies blood to the fundus of the stomach?

Answer 18

splenic artery (via short gastric arteries)

Question 19

This artery is a branch of the splenic artery and runs along the greater curvature of the stomach

Answer 19

left gastro-omental artery (gastroepiploic artery)

Question 20

1st branch of the common hepatic artery…

Answer 20

gastroduodenal artery

Question 21

the gastroduodenal artery passes ________

Answer 21

behind the duodenum

Question 22

2 branches of the gastroduodenal artery (clockwise)

Answer 22

right gastro-omental artery (right gastroepiploic)

superior pancreaticoduodenal artery

Question 23

2nd branch of common hepatic artery as it becomes hepatic artery proper…

Answer 23

right gastric artery

Question 24

2 branches from the hepatic artery proper…

Answer 24

left and right hepatic artery

Question 25

The cystic artery is a branch of the...

Answer 25

right hepatic artery

Question 26

the cystic artery travels within the...

Answer 26

hepatoduodenal ligament

Question 27

The SMA branches at the level of L1, about 1 inch inferior of celiac trunk, just behind which structure...

Answer 27

head of the pancreas

Question 28

The SMA travels _______ to the renal vein

Answer 28

anterior

Question 29

The SMA emerges anteriorly at the ________

Answer 29

uncinate process of the pancreas

Question 30

1st branch of the SMA as it travels inferiorly...

Answer 30

inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery

Question 31

Which part of SMA? Longer vasa recta few but large arcades

Answer 31

jejunum

Question 32

Which part of SMA? shorter vasa recta more arcades, shorter loops

Answer 32

ileum

Question 33

This branch of SMA supplies: cecum terminal ileum ascending colon

Answer 33

ileocolic artery

Question 34

the appendix is supplied with blood by the_____

Answer 34

appendicular artery

Question 35

This branch of the SMA travels retroperitoneal to supply the ascending colon

Answer 35

right colic artery

Question 36

This branch of SMA travels retroperitoneal to supply the transverse colon

Answer 36

middle colic artery

Question 37

This branch of IMA travels retroperitoneal to supply the descending colon

Answer 37

left colic a.

Question 38

3 major branches of IMA...

Answer 38

left colic artery sigmoid artery superior rectal artery

Question 39

This artery runs along the colon and in the mesentary and anastomoses with ileocolic, right, middle, left colic, and sigmoid arteries

Answer 39

marginal artery

Question 40

This artery communicates with the branches of SMA and IMA to provide redundant blood flow in case of ischemia in either SMA or IMA

Answer 40

marginal artery

Question 41

3 major blood supplies for rectum...

Answer 41

superior, middle, inferior rectal arteries

Question 42

The superior rectal artery is a branch of the ______

Answer 42

IMA

Question 43

The middle rectal artery arises from the ______

Answer 43

internal iliac artery

Question 44

the inferior rectal artery arises from the _______

Answer 44

internal pudendal artery

Question 45

3 major veins which drain the small and large intestines and drain into the hepatic portal vein...

Answer 45

inferior mesenteric v. superior mesenteric v. splenic v.

Question 46

location of the hepatic portal vein

Answer 46

L1

Question 47

the hepatic portal vein sits behind the ______

Answer 47

neck of the pancreas

Question 48

The _______ peritoneum lines the internal surface of the abdominopelvic wall

Answer 48

parietal peritoneum

Question 49

the parietal peritoneum receives somatic or autonomic nerve supply?

Answer 49

somatic

Question 50

Visceral or Parietal peritoneum? well localized pain sensitive to pressure, pain, laceration, temperature

Answer 50

Parietal peritoneum

Question 51

Visceral or Parietal peritoneum? poorly localized sensitive to stretch and chemical irritation

Answer 51

Visceral peritoneum

Question 52

Pain from visceral peritoneum is referred to...

Answer 52

dermatomes

Question 53

visceral peritoneum has somatic or autonomic nerve supply?

Answer 53

autonomic

Question 54

Define intraperitoneal organ...

Answer 54

enveloped by visceral peritoneum

Question 55

3 examples of intraperitoneal organs...

Answer 55

stomach liver spleen

Question 56

Define retroperitoneal...

Answer 56

no visceral peritoneum, only parietal peritoneum on anterior surface

Question 57

A double layer of visceral peritoneum that connects in intraperitoneal organ to the posterior abdominal wall...

Answer 57

mesentery

Question 58

Organs which developed and remain outside of the parietal peritoneum are called...

Answer 58

primarily retroperitoneal

Question 59

organs which were initially intraperitoneal and suspended by mesentery, which became retroperitoneal as mesentery fused with posterior abdominal wall...

Answer 59

secondarily retroperitoneal

Question 60

Retroperitoneal organs can be remembered with SAD PUCKER... which stands for...

Answer 60

Suprarenal glands Aorta/IVC Duodenum (except proximal 2cm) Pancreas (except tail) Ureters Colon (ascending/descending) Kidneys Esophagus Rectum

Question 61

which part of the duodenum is NOT retroperitoneal?

Answer 61

proximal 2cm

Question 62

Which part of the pancreas is NOT retroperitoneal?

Answer 62

tail

Question 63

Which parts of the colon are considered secondarily retroperitoneal?

Answer 63

ascending/descending

Question 64

3 organs which are primarily retroperitoneal...

Answer 64

esophagus, rectum, kidneys